Graphene Family Nanomaterials: Properties and Potential Applications in Dentistry

Ge, Ziyu; Yang, Luming; Xiao, Fang Yuan; Wu, Yani; Yu, Tingting; Chen, Jing; Lin, Jenshan; Zhang, Yanzhen

doi:10.1155/2018/1539678

Cited by 59 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Graphenebased nanomaterials can interact with cells, supporting their adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation [8,9]. nGO as one the popular graphene derivatives can induce translation of some crucial intracellular protein and promote proliferation and differentiation of bone-producing cells and help bone formation [10]. The capability of nGO for bone formation was denoted by Nishida et al in an ex vivo animal study and showed that it is fivefold more potent than the collagen scaffold [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalization of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Can Reduce Their Cytotoxicity to Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Gholami

Emadi

Amini

et al. 2020

Journal of Nanomaterials

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Background. The dental pulp is a heterogeneous soft tissue that supplies nutrients and acts as a biosensor to identify pathogenic stimuli. Regeneration of the dental pulp is one of the desirable topics for researchers. Graphene oxide nanosheets (nGOs) help overexpression of the genes related to odontogenic differentiation of stem cells from dental pulps and increases attachment and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells. Despite its benefits, nGO may be considered as a threat to the environment and human health. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility potential of graphene oxide (nGO), chitosan functionalized graphene oxide (nGO-CS), and carboxylated graphene (nGO-COOH) when exposed to human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Material and Methods. Some different aspects of biocompatibility of nGO, nGO-CS, and nGO-COOH were synthesized, and several intracellular effects induced by different concentrations of graphene-based nanosheets, including cell viability, intracellular oxidative damages, and various factors such as LDH, GSH, SOD, MDA, and MMP, were studied on hDPSCs. Results. According to results, IC50 was determined as 232.01, 467.81, and ≥1000 μg/mL for nGO, nGO-CS, and nGO-COOH, respectively. These results demonstrated the lower toxicity and higher cytocompatibility of nGO-CS and nGO-COOH compared to nGO. nGO-COOH not only has any adverse effect on the cell membrane and mitochondrial activity but also shows slight antioxidant activity at some concentrations. Conclusion. The findings help design safe and cytocompatible nGO derivatives for biomedical applications in dental fields.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalization of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Can Reduce Their Cytotoxicity to Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Gholami

Emadi

Amini

et al. 2020

Journal of Nanomaterials

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“…This study was conducted to find a way to improve antibacterial behavior of PMMA and α by incorporation of GO. Nano graphene oxide was selected for its known antimicrobial and highly physical properties [3,[28][29][30][31]. Chemical cure PMMA was selected to avoid thermal damage to the GO during other curing methods [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating nano graphene oxide to poly-methyl methacrylate; antibacterial effect and thermal expansion.

Gamal

Gomaa

Matrawy

2019

Journal of Modern Research

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This in vitro study was performed to evaluate antibacterial effect and thermal expansion of commercial available poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) incorporated by nano graphene oxide (GO) in different concentration. Method: Nano graphene oxide in five concentrations 0 %, 0.05 %, 0.1 %, 0.15 % and 1 % by weight was incorporated to PMMA to form groups I-V respectively. To evaluate the antibacterial effect against Streptococcus Mutans, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for GO dispersion was done and agar well diffusion test for groups I-IV was done. Thermal expansion was assessed through measuring the linear coefficient of thermal expansion. Results: For antibacterial effect, all concentrations tested for MIC showed inhibition zone varied from 0.5 to 2mm in diameter. All tested groups evaluated by agar well diffusion method showed no inhibition zones except for group II. Significant reduction in coefficient of thermal expansion was showed by increasing GO concentration. Conclusions: Incorporation of GO in to PMMA at concentration of 0.5 % can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus Mutans. There is an inverse relation between the concentrations of GO and the coefficient of thermal expansion.

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“…In the case of nanomaterials, such as graphene and nanotubes, the biocompatibility depends on several factors such as size, purity, shape and number of sharp edges, as it is difficult to assess the general arguments [ 206 , 207 ]. The studies focused on the toxicity of oral applications are limited [ 208 ]. Olteanu et al [ 209 ] performed a study to evaluate the toxicity of graphene-based materials on human dental follicle stem cells.…”

Section: Nanorods Nanowires and Nanotubesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials in Dentistry: State of the Art and Future Challenges

2020

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Nanomaterials are commonly considered as those materials in which the shape and molecular composition at a nanometer scale can be controlled. Subsequently, they present extraordinary properties that are being useful for the development of new and improved applications in many fields, including medicine. In dentistry, several research efforts are being conducted, especially during the last decade, for the improvement of the properties of materials used in dentistry. The objective of the present article is to offer the audience a complete and comprehensive review of the main applications that have been developed in dentistry, by the use of these materials, during the last two decades. It was shown how these materials are improving the treatments in mainly all the important areas of dentistry, such as endodontics, periodontics, implants, tissue engineering and restorative dentistry. The scope of the present review is, subsequently, to revise the main applications regarding nano-shaped materials in dentistry, including nanorods, nanofibers, nanotubes, nanospheres/nanoparticles, and zeolites and other orders porous materials. The results of the bibliographic analysis show that the most explored nanomaterials in dentistry are graphene and carbon nanotubes, and their derivatives. A detailed analysis and a comparative study of their applications show that, although they are quite similar, graphene-based materials seem to be more promising for most of the applications of interest in dentistry. The bibliographic study also demonstrated the potential of zeolite-based materials, although the low number of studies on their applications shows that they have not been totally explored, as well as other porous nanomaterials that have found important applications in medicine, such as metal organic frameworks, have not been explored. Subsequently, it is expected that the research effort will concentrate on graphene and zeolite-based materials in the coming years. Thus, the present review paper presents a detailed bibliographic study, with more than 200 references, in order to briefly describe the main achievements that have been described in dentistry using nanomaterials, compare and analyze them in a critical way, with the aim of predicting the future challenges.

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Graphene Family Nanomaterials: Properties and Potential Applications in Dentistry

Cited by 59 publications

References 85 publications

Functionalization of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Can Reduce Their Cytotoxicity to Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Functionalization of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Can Reduce Their Cytotoxicity to Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Incorporating nano graphene oxide to poly-methyl methacrylate; antibacterial effect and thermal expansion.

Nanomaterials in Dentistry: State of the Art and Future Challenges

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