2021
DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05967-9
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Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) enhances cocaine effects in the nucleus accumbens via a dopamine release–based mechanism

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Cited by 5 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…In addition to contributing to learning and memory, the NAc participates in the neural circuit responsible for regulation of motivation and reward systems [14]. Addictive substances such as cocaine and morphine induce addictive behaviors by releasing dopamine in the NAc [15]. NAc neurons are predominantly medium-spiny neurons (MSN), consisting of D1R-MSNs and D2R-MSNs, with D1R neurons accounting for most of the MSNs [16], which are important in the generation of attraction and aversion to stimuli [17].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition to contributing to learning and memory, the NAc participates in the neural circuit responsible for regulation of motivation and reward systems [14]. Addictive substances such as cocaine and morphine induce addictive behaviors by releasing dopamine in the NAc [15]. NAc neurons are predominantly medium-spiny neurons (MSN), consisting of D1R-MSNs and D2R-MSNs, with D1R neurons accounting for most of the MSNs [16], which are important in the generation of attraction and aversion to stimuli [17].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For mouse targets, this included downregulations of IL-1α and the granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and upregulations in RANTES/CCL5 and IP-10/CXCL10, which have been previously implicated in multiple models of HIV infection and in clinical populations, including in co-occurring cocaine use/expose and infection (Nair et al, 2000;Parikh et al, 2014;Nayak et al, 2020). Elevated G-CSF has also been reported to increase dopamine release in response to cocaine (Brady et al, 2019(Brady et al, , 2021, though as with other considerations this may be mediated by hormonal status in female mice (Brady et al, 2019). Though we did not observe main effects of cocaine itself on mouse G-CSF levels, the cocaine exposure paradigms in the current study were at lower doses (10 mg/kg vs 20 mg/kg) and fewer exposures (3 vs 7 injections), suggesting that a more protracted cocaine exposure regimen may be necessary to observe cocaine effects or cocaine and HIV interactive effects on G-CSF expression.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%