Grain quality of tetraploid wheat Triticum timopheevii (Zhuk.) Zhuk.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the comprehensive investigation of the quality parameters of tetraploid wheat (Triticum timopheevii) grain. Particular attention is paid to prospects of involving T. timopheevii in breeding programs as a resource of valuable quality and technology properties.

Ancient Caucasian Wheats: A Contribution for Sustainable Diets and Food Diversity

“…Both T. timopheevii and T. zhukovskyi revealed a very hard kernel texture (HI > 80, Table 1), comparable to that of durum wheat. These results agree with Relina et al [20] who classified the T. timopheevii kernels as hard-textured.…”

“…The TKW values of de-hulled kernels were very similar in the Caucasian wheats, and they resulted in almost half of those of T. durum (Table 1). The TKW values were comparable to those obtained from the ancient wheats einkorn, spelt and emmer [36], but they were lower than those observed as the mean of more than 50 T. timopheevii accessions by Mikò et al [37] and by Relina et al [20], who found TKW values ranging from 33 to 39 g. These differences could be due to the agronomic practices, growing environment and genotypes used in the different studies. Similarly, no differences were observed between T. timopheevii and T. zhukovskyi for the TW values, which resulted in being statistically lower (p ≤ 0.05) than those observed in durum wheat (Table 1).…”

“…The level of TAC was significantly higher in T. zhukovskyi (+103%) and T. timopheevii (+98%) than in durum wheat cv San Carlo (Table 2). A higher antioxidant activity in T. timopheevii compared to durum wheat was also observed by Relina et al [20]. The highest TAC level in ancient Caucasian wheats could not be ascribed to the presence of a major phenolics content compared to T. durum, since their TSPC was statistically lower than in the modern wheat cultivar (Table 2).…”

“…Comparative studies on the grain quality of several ancient wheat species revealed a higher total phenolic and ferulic acids content in T. thimopheevii with respect to other ancient and common wheat varieties that were analyzed, along with a high antioxidant activity, balanced iron and zinc content and high protein content [16,20,21].…”