Grafting of acrylic acid‐co‐itaconic acid onto ePTFE and characterization of water uptake by the graft copolymers

Abstract

Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, ePTFE, is an attractive material for use as the implant in facial reconstruction surgery because it is bioinert; however, its low surface energy does not facilitate a strong interfacial bond with bone and thus for some applications the surfaces need to be modified to enhance their bone-integration properties. The surface modification of ePTFE membranes with copolymers of acrylic acid (AA) and itaconic acid (IA) using in situ gamma radiation induced grafting has been studied. Solutions with AA mole fractions ranging from 0.4 to 1.0 have been investigated. Graft yields of 35-50% with water uptakes of greater than 300% were obtained using 3 mol L 21 aqueous solutions of the monomers and a total incident dose of 10 kGy. The grafts were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses and the compositional microstructure of the grafted copolymers was investigated. The water uptake by the grafted membranes displayed a complex dependence on polymer chemistry and topology.

Modification of PTFE Flat Sheet Film via Radiation Induced Grafting Polymerization with Acrylic Acid

“…The fibrils connecting the islands were randomly oriented in the film. This findings was supported by Hidzir et al (2015) that grafted acrylic acid-co-itaconic acid onto ePTFE. adsorption potential study of ptfe-g-aac film…”

In vitro mineralisation of grafted ePTFE membranes carrying carboxylate groups

“…Grafted membranes were prepared as previously published. Samples AA(0.3)-R and AA(1.3)-R were prepared by gamma irradiation grafting of acrylic acid (AA) at a dose of 10 kGy and monomer concentrations of either 0.3 or 1.3 M with the addition of Mohr's salt [17] , [18] . Sample AA/IA(3)-R was prepared by gamma irradiation induced grafting at a dose of 10 kGy of a monomer mixture of AA (70%) and itaconic acid (IA) with a total monomer concentration of 3.0 M with the addition of Mohr's salt [18] .…”

“…Samples AA(0.3)-R and AA(1.3)-R were prepared by gamma irradiation grafting of acrylic acid (AA) at a dose of 10 kGy and monomer concentrations of either 0.3 or 1.3 M with the addition of Mohr's salt [17] , [18] . Sample AA/IA(3)-R was prepared by gamma irradiation induced grafting at a dose of 10 kGy of a monomer mixture of AA (70%) and itaconic acid (IA) with a total monomer concentration of 3.0 M with the addition of Mohr's salt [18] . Sample AA-P was prepared by argon plasma-induced grafting exposing the membrane to the plasma generated at 100 W for 150 s and subsequently reacting with a 2.6 M solution of AA for 3 h [19] .…”

Gamma Radiation-Induced Grafting of Acetic Acid Onto Expanded Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) Membranes for Biomaterial Applications

“…Grafting can be described as the covalent attachment process. Currently, there are various grafting techniques available to modify a polymer surface, including chemical treatment [5], photografting [6], radiation [7,8], and plasma techniques [9]. Radiation-induced graft copolymerisation is one of the grafting techniques that has been well established for almost half a century [10].…”

“…These techniques can alter the initial surface of polymeric materials by introducing new functional groups on the backbone of the carbon chain. Many studies have been conducted using the radiation-induced grafting technique in which various monomers have been successfully introduced onto ePTFE, such as acrylic acid [8], itaconic acid [7], and methoxyacrylate phosphate [11]. In the current study, acetic acid (AA) was chosen as the grafting monomer to introduce the carboxylic acid group onto the surface of the ePTFE.…”