Graft failure: II. Ocular surface complications

Abstract

Risk factors for corneal transplantation failure include both immunologic factors, such as graft rejection, corneal neovascularization, and peripheral anterior synechiae, as well as non-immunologic factors, such as ocular surface disorders (OSD) and glaucoma. This review highlights the necessity of having healthy ocular surface epithelia, tears, and eyelids. It presents different types of OSD, their underlying pathology, and their impact on native cornea and corneal grafts. In addition, a range of proposed donor and surgical factors influencing surface integrity following corneal transplant are addressed. Current medical and surgical research, both pre- and post-operative that promise to further improve the outcome of corneal grafts in the context of OSD are discussed.

Cataract Surgery in Dry Eye Disease: Visual Outcomes and Complications

“…DMD was noted in 0.9% of the operated eyes, which was limited to the incision sites and resolved without any surgical interventions. Though noted in a small proportion of patients, it should be watched for cautiously intraoperatively, to avoid the need for surgical intervention in these eyes which are at high risk for failure following corneal transplant (27). Though corneal melt following cataract surgery has been reported in some studies, especially with use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) eye drops, we did not encounter this complication in any of the eyes that were treated with them (3,28,29).…”

Cataract Surgery in Dry Eye Disease: Visual Outcomes and Complications

“…DMD was noted in 0.9% of the operated eyes, which was limited to the incision sites and resolved without any surgical interventions. Though noted in a small proportion of patients, it should be watched for cautiously intraoperatively, to avoid the need for surgical intervention in these eyes which are at high risk for failure following corneal transplant (27). Though corneal melt following cataract surgery has been reported in some studies, especially with use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) eye drops, we did not encounter this complication in any of the eyes that were treated with them (3,28,29).…”

Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease and Ocular Surface Abnormalities in Eyes with Corneal Transplantation: A Cross-Sectional Study

“……”

Corticosteroid-loaded biodegradable nanoparticles for prevention of corneal allograft rejection in rats

“…Furthermore, we observed extensive new blood vessel growth into the corneas of the rats in the control groups, but not in the DSP-NP treated group. Maintaining the avascular nature of the cornea is crucial for its immune-privileged status during cornea transplantation, and neovascularization is believed to be a driving force for corneal rejection [1,3]. SC administration of free DSP reduced neovascularization of the corneal allografts, but once weekly SC administration of free DSP was not enough to completely suppress the growth of new vessels.…”

Cataract Surgery in Dry Eye Disease: Visual Outcomes and Complications

“…DMD was noted in 0.9% of the operated eyes, which was limited to the incision sites and resolved without any surgical interventions. Though noted in a small proportion of patients, it should be watched for cautiously intraoperatively, to avoid the need for surgical intervention in these eyes which are at high risk for failure following corneal transplant (27). Though corneal melt following cataract surgery has been reported in some studies, especially with use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) eye drops, we did not encounter this complication in any of the eyes that were treated with them (3,28,29).…”

Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease and Ocular Surface Abnormalities in Eyes with Corneal Transplantation: A Cross-Sectional Study

“……”

Corticosteroid-loaded biodegradable nanoparticles for prevention of corneal allograft rejection in rats

“…Furthermore, we observed extensive new blood vessel growth into the corneas of the rats in the control groups, but not in the DSP-NP treated group. Maintaining the avascular nature of the cornea is crucial for its immune-privileged status during cornea transplantation, and neovascularization is believed to be a driving force for corneal rejection [1,3]. SC administration of free DSP reduced neovascularization of the corneal allografts, but once weekly SC administration of free DSP was not enough to completely suppress the growth of new vessels.…”

Cataract Surgery in Dry Eye Disease: Visual Outcomes and Complications

“…DMD was noted in 0.9% of the operated eyes, which was limited to the incision sites and resolved without any surgical interventions. Though noted in a small proportion of patients, it should be watched for cautiously intraoperatively, to avoid the need for surgical intervention in these eyes which are at high risk for failure following corneal transplant (27). Though corneal melt following cataract surgery has been reported in some studies, especially with use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) eye drops, we did not encounter this complication in any of the eyes that were treated with them (3,28,29).…”

Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease and Ocular Surface Abnormalities in Eyes with Corneal Transplantation: A Cross-Sectional Study

“……”

Corticosteroid-loaded biodegradable nanoparticles for prevention of corneal allograft rejection in rats

“…Furthermore, we observed extensive new blood vessel growth into the corneas of the rats in the control groups, but not in the DSP-NP treated group. Maintaining the avascular nature of the cornea is crucial for its immune-privileged status during cornea transplantation, and neovascularization is believed to be a driving force for corneal rejection [1,3]. SC administration of free DSP reduced neovascularization of the corneal allografts, but once weekly SC administration of free DSP was not enough to completely suppress the growth of new vessels.…”