Governing metal–organic frameworks towards high stability

Abstract

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) constructed with metal ions/clusters and organic ligands have emerged as an important family of porous materials for various applications. However, the stability of this class of materials is crucial for their practical applications, which might be improved by varying their chemical composition and/or structurally tuning them. To fabricate MOFs with high stability, several strategies for enhancing the stability of MOFs have been developed, in which the strength of metal-ligand bonds is especially considered: the use of highly charged cations and higher pKa ligands, and varying the chemical functionality of linkers. On the other hand, the regulation of their structural architectures is also investigated: interpenetrated frameworks, multi-walled frameworks, and self-strengthening of the frameworks. In addition, the surface modification can also improve the stability of the materials. In this review, we introduce and summarize these strategies from the viewpoint of structural tuning and component choosing, providing useful instructions for the further design and synthesis of MOFs with high-level stability.

Artificial photosynthesis: opportunities and challenges of molecular catalysts

“…435 However, most polymers, MOFs and COFs have low stability and conductivity in aqueous solutions under electrochemical conditions. 601,614 In addition to promoting the intrinsic activity of molecular catalysts, the improvement of stability and electron conductivity of the materials heterogenized from molecular catalysts is another challenge to produce applicable AP devices based on molecular catalysts.…”

Mixed-metal metal–organic frameworks

“…The stability of monometallic MOFs is hugely determined by the metal-ligand bond. Bu et al 11 described in a ChemComm review how this interaction can be viewed upon as a simple Lewis acid (metal ion node) -Lewis base (ligand) interaction. The ligands are usually O or N-donors.…”

High Catalytic Activity of C60Pdn Encapsulated in Metal–Organic Framework UiO‐67, for Tandem Hydrogenation Reaction

“…Moreover, C 60 @UiO‐67 presents better thermal stability than the pristine framework based on X‐ray thermodiffractometry and TGA analysis (as shown in Figure S3). C 60 @UiO‐67 can be stable up to 550 °C, which is much higher than that of UiO‐67, 450 °C, revealing that the guest C 60 molecules may support the MOF framework …”

“…C 60 @UiO-67 can be stable up to 550 8C, which is much highert han that of UiO-67, 450 8C, revealing that the guest C 60 molecules may support the MOF framework. [25,26] According to the HRTEM of C 60 Pd n @UiO-67 ( Figure 1c,d), the C 60 Pd n NPs are highly dispersed, with mean diameters of 5 AE 2nm( Figure S4). To obtain more direct evidence, energy-dis-persive X-ray (EDX) was used to map the distribution of different elements (C, O, Pd andZ r, as shown in Figure 1e)f or C 60 Pd n @UiO-67.…”