Gold Prospecting Mapping in the Peninsular Malaysia Gold Belts

Hydrogeophysical modeling of the groundwater aquifer units under climate variability in parts of Peninsular Malaysia: A case study of the climate-water nexus approach to sustainability

“…Geophysical field data acquisition was carried out using ABEM SAB4000 Terrameter land imaging equipment in combination with auto selection ABEM ES 10–64 unit. The RES2-D ERT surveys were accomplished at 5 m electrode constant spacing, using 61 metal steel electrodes via two reels of multi-core cables [ 37 , 40 ]. A microcomputer unit was incorporated to the ABEM ES 10–64 selector as a switcher unit, which automatically pick-out four energized electrodes promptly, was used for each measurement.…”

“…Ref. [ 37 ]. Since observed groundwater levels within an aquifer unit are non-continuous in a given time and space, the results obtained from RES2-D and IP alone are inadequate to model the groundwater estimated volume, e.g.…”

Combined analysis of resistivity and induced polarization tomography for 3D modelling and preliminary volume estimation of the possible gold mineralization zones in the Simi locality, Adamawa, Cameroon

“…Although several geophysical methods exist, in this study, the sensitivity of the method (for the detection and location of horizontal and vertical structures or bodies), the type of mineralization sought (metallic sulphides), the depth of the targets (near surface), the geological environment (site constituted by ancient sedimentary deposits) and geomorphological environment (topographic variation), the deposit mode (diffuse or disseminated) and the area of investigation are a set of factors that justify, as in most studies (Gouet et al., 2013; Gündoğdu et al., 2022; Liang et al., 2021; Sağır et al., 2020), the choice of the electrical method as the ideal approach for this study. The choice of using the direct current (DC) and induced polarization (IP) electrical methods over the self‐potential method is not only due to their good accuracy and depth of investigation but also to their affinity in the detection of a particular type of mineralization (clays, metal sulphides, graphite and certain metal oxides such as magnetite) (Chouteau, 2006; Claude et al., 2014; Gouet et al., 2013; Kayode et al., 2022; Lenhare & Moreira, 2020; Martin et al., 2020; Shirazi et al., 2022; Silva et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2022). Moreover, with these two methods, the electrical tomography technique (acquisition in vertical sections of electrical data) can be easily used, and the different tomographic sections obtained after data processing can be used in 3D modelling and preliminary estimation of the volume of anomalies (Embeng et al., 2022; Martin et al., 2020; Moreira et al., 2019; Yan et al., 2018; Ya‐wei et al., 2015).…”

“…IP and ERT are commonly used in geological and mining prospecting to indicate the presence of metal sulphides, metal oxides, clays and other old buried mine sites in the ground (Bharti et al., 2016; Bharti et al., 2019; Claude et al., 2014; Das et al., 2017; Gündoğdu et al., 2022; Horo et al., 2020; Kayode et al., 2022; Moreira et al., 2019; Shirazi et al., 2022; Silva et al., 2022; Singh et al., 2019; Zaid et al., 2022). Other studies use these methods for the 3D modelling of geoelectric anomalies corresponding to the targets sought (Embeng et al., 2022; Kayode et al., 2022; Lenhare & Moreira, 2020; Martin et al., 2020; Moreira et al., 2019; Sağır et al., 2020; Ya‐wei et al., 2015). This modelling can be done either by 3D inversion of the tomography data using inversion software (Zondres3D, Res3DInv, UBC and others) or by 3D correlation of the interpretation results of the different inverted sections using specific software (Oasis montaj, GeoModeller, RockWorks, GeoScene3D and others).…”

“…In geological or mining prospecting, the use of a geophysical approach leads to the elaboration of subsurface imagery that should allow a better understanding of the spatial distribution of geophysical anomalies related to the sought geological formations (Blanchy et al., 2020; Claude et al., 2014; Gouet et al., 2015; Hasan et al., 2021; Moreira et al., 2019; Zaid et al., 2022). In the ERT and IP surveys, the resistivity and chargeability of the geological formations are studied in order to identify zones of low (or medium) resistivity and high chargeability that may represent potential zones of gold mineralization (Embeng et al., 2022; Gouet et al., 2013; Horo et al., 2020; Kayode et al., 2022; Lenhare & Moreira, 2020; Singh et al., 2019; Yan et al., 2018). The present study combines these two geophysical techniques (ERT and IP) in 3D modelling and preliminary estimation of the volume of geoelectrical anomalies that may correspond to potential primary gold mineralization targets in the Simi locality.…”