Glyphosate Sublethal Effects on the Population Dynamics of the Earthworm Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826)

Santadino, Marina Vilma; Coviella, Carlos E.; Momo, Fernando

doi:10.1007/s11270-014-2207-3

Cited by 69 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, other studies found no significant effects of glyphosate on measured earthworm reproduction parameters [53,56,57,62]. Santadino et al [63] observed a significant increase in the number of E. fetida cocoons with increasing glyphosate doses. The effect of environmental rates of aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), one of the two major breakdown products of glyphosate, on E. andrei, was assessed by Domínguez et al [64], who found no mortality but reproductive disorders.…”

Section: Land Uses and Management Systems In Argentine Pampasmentioning

confidence: 95%

Large-Scale Agricultural Management and Soil Meso- and Macrofauna Conservation in the Argentine Pampas

Bedano

Domínguez

2016

Sustainability

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Soil is the most basic resource for sustainable agricultural production; it promotes water quality, is a key component of the biogeochemical cycles and hosts a huge diversity of organisms. However, we are not paying enough attention to soil degradation produced by land use. Modern agriculture has been successful in increasing yields but has also caused extensive environmental damage, particularly soil degradation. In the Argentine Pampas, agriculturization reached a peak with the generalized use of the no-till technological package: genetically modified soybeans tolerant to glyphosate, no-till, glyphosate, and inorganic fertilizers. This phenomenon has been widely spread in the country; the no-till package has been applied in large areas and has been used by tenants in a 60%-70% of cultivated lands. Thus, those who were involved in developing management practices may not be the same as those who will face degradation issues related to those practices. Indeed, most evidence reviewed in this paper suggests that the most widely distributed practices in the Pampas region are actually producing severe soil degradation. Biological degradation is particularly important because soil biota is involved in numerous soil processes on which soil functioning relies, affecting soil fertility and productivity. For example, soil meso-and macrofauna are especially important in nutrient cycling and in soil structure formation and maintenance, and they are key components of the network that links microbial process to the scale of fields and landscapes where ecosystem services are produced. However, the knowledge of the impact of different agricultural managements on soil meso-and macrofauna in Pampas agroecosystems is far from conclusive at this stage. The reason for this lack of definite conclusions is that this area has been given less attention than in other parts of the world; the response of soil fauna to agricultural practices is complex and taxa-dependent; and there is a wide variety of practices in the main types of agricultural systems, making generalizations difficult. A review of the existing studies on soil meso-and macrofauna in agroecosystems, revealed that (a) agricultural soils, regardless of farming system, are strongly modified in biological aspects compared to the same soils without human interventions; (b) there are no conclusive results about no-till benefits compared to reduced tillage or conventional tillage; (c) agricultural managements that are alternative to the traditional conventional systems are very poorly represented in research.

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Section: Land Uses and Management Systems In Argentine Pampasmentioning

confidence: 95%

Large-Scale Agricultural Management and Soil Meso- and Macrofauna Conservation in the Argentine Pampas

Bedano

Domínguez

2016

Sustainability

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“…Tadpoles also have shown increased time to metamorphosis [14]. Delay in growth/development of earthworms was demonstrated with glyphosate exposure in environmentally relevant amounts [50].…”

Section: Altered Thyroid Hormone Receptor Expression In the Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a link between autism and glyphosate-formulated herbicides?

Beecham¹,

Seneff²

2016

J Autism

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Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide on the planet, and its increasing use over time in the United States aligns well with the increasing rates of autism determined by the Centers for Disease Control. Based on the known mechanism of glyphosate toxicity, we hypothesize that a pregnant woman's exposure at midpregnancy to glyphosate-formulated herbicides (GFH) may produce, in her unborn child's brain, anatomic alterations of cortical neuron layering remarkably similar to those found in the brains of humans with autism. Glyphosate's known ability to chelate manganese ions combined with evidence of severely depleted serum manganese in cows exposed to glyphosate makes it likely that glyphosate would induce manganese deficiency in humans, interfering with the function of manganese-dependent enzymes. In particular, this would affect the maternal pituitary's manganese-dependent Protein Phosphatase 1 (PP1) enzyme, resulting in a significant reduction in maternal serum levels of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH). A study of mid-pregnancy maternal TSH serum levels in human mothers has found a statistical correlation of reduced TSH to increased risk of autism in offspring. Since insufficient thyroid stimulation by TSH or by iodine deficiency would both induce hypothyroidism, effects of iodine deficiency can be expected to emulate effects of TSH deficiency. Cortical neuron disarrangements have been produced in the brains of offspring of rat dams fed an iodine-deficient diet, and such foci of disordered cortical neurons are characteristically found in human autistic brains. While the research literature on glyphosate's endocrine disrupting effects is limited, diverse evidence from animal studies reveals effects that suggest impaired thyroid function. If our hypothesis can be substantiated by a focused research effort, it would provide further justification for reducing or, ideally, eliminating glyphosate-formulated herbicide exposures in pregnant women.

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“…Used within recommended rates, glyphosate has little or no effects on non-target organisms (Franz et al, 1997). However, excessive use of glyphosate is reported to have adverse effects on metabolic functions of both unicellular organisms (Austin et al, 1991;Zobiole et al, 2011;Shehata et al, 2013;Newman et al, 2016) and wide range of multicellular organisms such as algae (Oliveira et al, 2016), earthworms (Santadino et al, 2014), arthropods (Pérez et al, 2011), honey bees (Balbuena et al, 2015), snails (Druart et al, 2011), fish (Hued et al, 2012), frogs (Pérez -Iglesias et al, 2016, Mann andBidwell, 1999), lizards (Schaumburg et al, 2016), birds (Oliveira et al, 2007), swine (Lee et al, 2009) and humans (Samsel and Seneff, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of weed management with glyphosate on growth and early yield of young cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in Ghana

Konlan¹,

Quaye²,

Pobee³

et al. 2019

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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Weeds are a limitation to cocoa production, and herbicide use in cocoa cultivation is known to lower the cost of weed management and support better plant growth. As a result, glyphosate was recommended for use in cocoa cultivation following a two-year field trial at the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana. Recent informal debates among scientists and farmers, however, point towards a disagreement regarding the effect of glyphosate on young cocoa. Consequently, an experiment was conducted from 2011 to 2013 at the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana to re-evaluate the suitability of glyphosate (Isopropylamine) for weed management and its effects on growth and yield of young cocoa. Five rates of glyphosate viz: (i) 1,920 g active ingredient a.i. ha-1 using polyjet nozzle; (ii) 1,920 g a.i. ha-1 using very low volume (vlv) nozzle; (iii) 960 g a.i. ha-1 vlv; (iv) 720 g a.i. ha-1 vlv; (v) 480 g a.i. ha-1 vlv; and (vi) manual weeding were tested in a randomized complete block design with four replicates in the field. Effects of treatments on weeds, cocoa growth and yield were recorded for three years. In a gauze house study, cowpea and maize were used to determine residual effects of glyphosate. Emergence, survival and dry matter accumulation by these plants were recorded. Results from the gauze house study showed that glyphosate did not exhibit residual soil activity at these rates. Glyphosate at 960 g ha-1 significantly increased yield of three year old cocoa compared to the other rates and manual weeding. The 1,920 g ha-1 rates significantly reduced the initial yield of 3 year old cocoa compared to the other glyphosate rates. Cost analysis showed that glyphosate at 960 g a.i. ha-1 was Ghȼ 136.00 (11%) and Ghȼ 1,784.00 (61%) cheaper than the 1,920 g a.i. ha-1 rates and manual weeding respectively. It was therefore concluded that glyphosate can be applied at 960 g a.i. ha-1 (equivalent to 2.0 l ha-1 in 120 l of water) for effective weed management without significant adverse effects on growth and yield of young cocoa.

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Glyphosate Sublethal Effects on the Population Dynamics of the Earthworm Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826)

Cited by 69 publications

References 24 publications

Large-Scale Agricultural Management and Soil Meso- and Macrofauna Conservation in the Argentine Pampas

Large-Scale Agricultural Management and Soil Meso- and Macrofauna Conservation in the Argentine Pampas

Is there a link between autism and glyphosate-formulated herbicides?

Effect of weed management with glyphosate on growth and early yield of young cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in Ghana

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