Glycyrrhetinic acid, the active principle of licorice, can reduce the thickness of subcutaneous thigh fat through topical application

Armanini, Decio; Nacamulli, Davide; Francini-Pesenti, Francesco; Battagin, Giuliana; Ragazzi, Eugenio; Fiore, Cristina

doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2005.01.007

Cited by 54 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…6 However, topical administration of capsaicin, a major constituent of chillies, was found to have local anti-obesity effect, 7 as well as glycyrrhetinic acid, the active principle component of licorice that showed significant reduction of subcutaneous thigh fat thickness when administered topically. 8 Many approaches were developed to overcome the obstacle of poor absorption of the herbal products, and an important one of those approaches is phytosome complex formation. Phytosome is a complex, produced by forming a hydrogen bond between stoichiometric amounts of herbal extract functionalities and phospholipid polar heads using a suitable solvent to give nanosized vesicles with high bioavailability.…”

Section: El-menshawe Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanosized soy phytosome-based thermogel as topical anti-obesity formulation: an approach for acceptable level of evidence of an effective novel herbal weight loss product

El-Menshawe

Ali

Rabeh

et al. 2018

IJN

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Purpose Herbal supplements are currently available as a safer alternative to manage obesity, which has become a rising problem over the recent years. Many chemical drugs on the market are designed to prevent or manage obesity but high cost, low efficacy, and multiple side effects limit its use. Nano lipo-vesicles phytosomal thermogel of Soybean, Glycine max ( L .) Merrill, was formulated and evaluated in an attempt to investigate its anti-obesity action on body weight gain, adipose tissue size, and lipid profile data. Methods Three different techniques were used to prepare phytosome formulations including solvent evaporation, cosolvency, and salting out. The optimized phytosome formulation was then selected using Design Expert ® (version 7.0.0) depending on the highest entrapment efficiency, minimum particle size (PS), and maximum drug release within 2 hours as responses for further evaluation. The successful phytosome complex formation was investigated by means of Fourier-transform infrared spec troscopy and determination of PS and zeta potential. Phytosome vesicles’ shape was evaluated using transmission electron microscope to ensure its spherical shape. After characterization of the optimized phytosome formulation, it was incorporated into a thermogel formulation. The obtained phytosomal thermogel formulation was evaluated for its clarity, homogeneity, pH, and gel transformation temperature besides rheology behavior and permeation study. An in vivo study was done to investigate the anti-weight-gain effect of soy phytosomal ther mogel. Results EE was found to be >99% for all formulations, PS ranging from 51.66–650.67 while drug release was found to be (77.61–99.78) in range. FTIR and TEM results confirmed the formation of phytosome complex. In vivo study showed a marked reduction in body weight, adipose tissue weight and lipid profile. Conclusion Concisely, soy phytosomal thermogel was found to have a local anti-obesity effect on the abdomen of experimental male albino rats with a slight systemic effect on the lipid profile data.

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Section: El-menshawe Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All preparations, according to each group, were administered topically to the rat's abdomen once daily for 1 month. 8 Food intake amount of all rats was detected daily.…”

Section: Permeation Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanosized soy phytosome-based thermogel as topical anti-obesity formulation: an approach for acceptable level of evidence of an effective novel herbal weight loss product

El-Menshawe

Ali

Rabeh

et al. 2018

IJN

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“…This local reduction in fat was most likely related to a block of 11-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 at the level of fat cells. Glycyrrhetinic acid could be effectively used in reduction of unwanted local fat accumulation (Armanini et al 2005 ) .…”

Section: Glycyrrhetinic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropometry of Local Fat Reduction

Greenway

Pekarovics²

2012

Handbook of Anthropometry

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Obesity is growing around the world in epidemic proportions. Diabetes follows obesity by approximately 10 years and the prevalence of diabetes is growing rapidly as well. Not only are diabetes and obesity associated with much suffering and disease, they are also expensive and threaten the economics of public health systems globally. Obesity medications give modest weight loss at best. Diet and lifestyle change are the basis of obesity treatment, and the growing obesity epidemic is testimony to their limitations. Obesity is a stigmatized condition. The fat in obesity is usually concentrated around the waist or at the hips and thighs. Women with lower body obesity become discouraged and may stop dieting, because fat is lost predominantly from their breasts which they often feel are too small, and not from their hips and thighs where they would prefer to lose it. Local fat reduction represents a way that people can direct the area from which fat is lost which gives them control over their own anthropometry. This ability can encourage subjects to remain in weight loss programs for longer periods of time, lose more weight and improve their health to a greater degree. There have been several approaches to local fat reduction. Invasive approaches include plastic surgery and liposuction. Mesotherapy, the injection of lipolytic stimulators or substances that destroy fat cells subcutaneously, is a less invasive method of removing fat locally. The least invasive approaches are low energy laser treatments that release fat from fat cells through the creation of pores in the cell membranes or topical creams containing lipolytic substances that cross the skin into the fat tissue. Although one might be tempted to dismiss all these methods as being cosmetic without any medical benefit, directing the areas from which fat is lost during a weight loss program is encouraging to many obese subjects, improves their self-image and gives them the motivation to continue losing weight for a longer period of time. Longer weight loss programs are associated with greater weight loss and greater health benefits. We hope this chapter allows a risk-benefit assessment of the different methods of local fat reduction. We also hope this chapter makes a case for the benefits of directing the area from which fat is lost during a weight loss program, potentially leading to longer and greater fat loss with a commensurate increase in medical benefits.

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“…It was found to be due to the blockage of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 at the level of fat cells. 10 A comparison between glycyrrhizin (18β-GL) and its aglycone, glycyrrhetinic acid (18β-GA) for antihepatotoxic activity, was carried out using in vivo and in vitro assay by means of oral and intraperitoneal administration and also through CCl 4 -induced cytotoxicity in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. The results showed that 18α,β-GA was a more potent antihepatotoxic agent than 18α,β-GL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Approach towards Green Extraction for Glycyrrhitinic Acid by Ionic Liquid Based Microwave Assisted Extraction and Optimization through Response Surface Methodology

Bhan¹,

Satija²,

Garg³

et al. 2017

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Glycyrrhetinic acid, the active principle of licorice, can reduce the thickness of subcutaneous thigh fat through topical application

Cited by 54 publications

References 17 publications

Nanosized soy phytosome-based thermogel as topical anti-obesity formulation: an approach for acceptable level of evidence of an effective novel herbal weight loss product

Nanosized soy phytosome-based thermogel as topical anti-obesity formulation: an approach for acceptable level of evidence of an effective novel herbal weight loss product

Anthropometry of Local Fat Reduction

A Novel Approach towards Green Extraction for Glycyrrhitinic Acid by Ionic Liquid Based Microwave Assisted Extraction and Optimization through Response Surface Methodology

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