Glycerin Monostearate Aggravates Male Reproductive Toxicity Caused by Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate in Rats

Gao, Huimin; Shi, Hongyi Adrian; Dai, Qi-Meng; Li, Anqi; Liu, Yang; Sun, Yue; Jin, Shuguang; Xia, Ling-Zi

doi:10.1007/s11596-019-2135-y

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…23 After intervention for 30 consecutive days, exposure to MPEs caused a decrease in anogenital distance, testes weight, epididymis weight and serum sex hormones, and alterations of testicular histological structures, which were in agreement with previous studies. 8,22,24 The results implied that exposure to MPEs caused testicular toxicity. On the other hand, Que inhibited the alterations of these parameters in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that Que could inhibit the testicular toxicity of MPEs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The procedure of the western blot experiment was described in our previous study. 22 Homogenized testicular tissues (50 mg) in pre-cold 1600 μL of radioimmunoprecipitation assay lysis buffer containing 320 μL of phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride were centrifuged at 14 000 × g for 30 min. The protein levels of the supernatants were detected with a BCA Protein Assay Kit.…”

Section: Western Blottingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quercetin inhibits testicular toxicity induced by the mixture of three commonly used phthalates in rats

et al. 2022

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BACKGROUND: Phthalates (PEs), such as butyl benzyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, are one of the most widely used plasticizers, and humans are increasingly exposed to them. Phytochemical quercetin (Que) is a typical flavonoid with several biological effects, such as antioxidative and anti-inflammatory. The present study was designed to explore the effect of Que on testicular toxicity caused by the mixture of three commonly used PEs (MPEs), and the underlying mechanism. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly and equally divided into five groups (n = 8). Rats in control the group were orally treated with the excipient. Rats in the MPEs group were orally administered with 900 mg kg −1 day −1 MPEs, whereas rats in the MPEs+L-Que, MPEs+M-Que and MPEs+H-Que groups were simultaneously treated with 900 mg kg −1 day −1 MPEs and, respectively, 10, 30 and 90 mg kg −1 day −1 Que for 30 days.RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the testes weight, epididymides weight, serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and estradiol levels, and anogenital distance in the MPEs group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The testicular tissues were injured with atrophy of seminiferous tubules, hyperplasia of Leydig cells and arrest of spermatogenesis in the MPEs group. Testicular steroidogenic proteins (StAR, P450scc, CYP17A1 and 17⊎-HSD, P450arom) were up-regulated, whereas P-element-induced wimpy testis proteins (PIWIL1 and PIWIL2) were down-regulated in the MPEs group (P < 0.05). However, the alterations of these parameters were inhibited in the MPEs+M-Que and MPEs+H-Que groups.CONCLUSION: MPEs disturbed steroid hormone metabolism and caused testicular injuries. Que could inhibit testicular toxicity of MPEs, which might relate to the improved regulation of steroid hormone metabolism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Western Blottingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quercetin inhibits testicular toxicity induced by the mixture of three commonly used phthalates in rats

et al. 2022

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“…70,81 A good example is that the existence of glycerin monostearate could aggregate the reproductive toxicity of DEHP as we mentioned earlier. 70 The lack of appropriate threshold data also limits an accurate assessment of exposure risks. Given that emerging plasticizers are expected to be increasingly used in diverse industrial applications, it raises alarms on the increasing human exposure and the need for better effect-based risk evaluations.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In addition, the coexistence of some emerging plasticizers may affect the toxicity of legacy ones. For example, glycerin monostearate, a chemical structurally similar to GMO, has been reported to aggravate the toxicity of DEHP on male reproduction by inhibiting the cell cycle of testicular cells and the expression of P-gp in testis tissues . This raises particular concerns given the broad occurrences of various emerging plasticizers along with the ubiquitous legacy chemicals such as phthalates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Critical efforts are also needed to explore the toxicokinetics and toxic thresholds of emerging plasticizers in order to better elucidate human exposure risks. While individual chemicals may exist at levels not sufficiently causing any significant risks, a cocktail of plasticizers, including both legacy and emerging ones, may result in toxic effects different from what can be determined from individual chemicals. , A good example is that the existence of glycerin monostearate could aggregate the reproductive toxicity of DEHP as we mentioned earlier . The lack of appropriate threshold data also limits an accurate assessment of exposure risks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging Plasticizers in South China House Dust and Hand Wipes: Calling for Potential Concern?

Lin

Tan

Qiao

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Following regulations on legacy plasticizers, a large variety of industrial chemicals have been employed as substitutes to manufacture consumer products. However, knowledge remains limited on their environmental distributions, fate, and human exposure risks. In the present work, we screened for a total of 34 emerging plasticizers in house dust from South China and matched hand wipes collected from volunteers (n = 49 pairs). The results revealed a frequent detection of 27 emerging plasticizers in house dust, with the total concentrations reaching a median level of 106 700 ng/g. Thirteen of them had never been investigated by any environmental studies prior to our work, which included glycerol monooleate (median: 61 600 ng/g), methyl oleate (16 400 ng/g), butyl oleate (411 ng/g), 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate (341 ng/g), 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate (105 ng/g), isopropyl myristate (154 ng/g), di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate (69.1 ng/g), triisononyl trimellitate (64.4 ng/g), as well as a few others. Emerging plasticizers were also frequently detected in hand wipes, with a median total level of 4680 ng, indicating potential exposure via hand-to-mouth contact. Several chemicals, including acetyl tributyl citrate, tributyl citrate, di-n-butyl maleate, isopropyl myristate, and isopropyl palmitate, exhibited significant correlations between dust and hand wipe. However, other plasticizers did not follow this pattern, and the chemical compositional profiles differed between dust and hand wipe, suggesting chemical-specific sources and exposure pathways. Although the estimation of daily intake (EDI) indicated no substantial risks through dust ingestion or hand-to-mouth transfer of emerging plasticizers, continuous monitoring is needed to explore whether some of the important plasticizers are safe replacements or regrettable substitutions of the legacy ones.

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Oxidative stress and alterations in the expression of genes related to inflammation, DNA damage, and metal exposure in lung cells exposed to a hydroethanolic coal dust extract

et al. 2022

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Glycerin Monostearate Aggravates Male Reproductive Toxicity Caused by Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate in Rats

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Quercetin inhibits testicular toxicity induced by the mixture of three commonly used phthalates in rats

Quercetin inhibits testicular toxicity induced by the mixture of three commonly used phthalates in rats

Emerging Plasticizers in South China House Dust and Hand Wipes: Calling for Potential Concern?

Oxidative stress and alterations in the expression of genes related to inflammation, DNA damage, and metal exposure in lung cells exposed to a hydroethanolic coal dust extract

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