Glycemic Control, Self-Efficacy and Fear of Hypoglycemia Among Iranian Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Amiri, Fatemehsadat; Vafa, Mohammadreza; Gönder-Frederick, Linda

doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2014.12.011

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The participants’ age range was 6–20 years. Three studies specifically focused on adolescents aged 12–18 [ 36 , 38 , 42 ] and one on children aged 6–12 [ 39 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of hypoglycemia on quality of life and related outcomes in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review

et al. 2021

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Objective To conduct a systematic review to examine associations between hypoglycemia and quality of life (QoL) in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Methods Four databases (Medline, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO) were searched systematically in November 2019 and searches were updated in September 2021. Studies were eligible if they included children and/or adolescents with type 1 diabetes, reported on the association between hypoglycemia and QoL (or related outcomes), had a quantitative design, and were published in a peer-reviewed journal after 2000. A protocol was registered the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42020154023). Studies were evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s critical appraisal tool. A narrative synthesis was conducted by outcome and hypoglycemia severity. Results In total, 27 studies met inclusion criteria. No hypoglycemia-specific measures of QoL were identified. Evidence for an association between SH and (domains) of generic and diabetes-specific QoL was too limited to draw conclusions, due to heterogenous definitions and operationalizations of hypoglycemia and outcomes across studies. SH was associated with greater worry about hypoglycemia, but was not clearly associated with diabetes distress, depression, anxiety, disordered eating or posttraumatic stress disorder. Although limited, some evidence suggests that more recent, more frequent, or more severe episodes of hypoglycemia may be associated with adverse outcomes and that the context in which hypoglycemia takes places might be important in relation to its impact. Conclusions There is insufficient evidence regarding the impact of hypoglycemia on QoL in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes at this stage. There is a need for further research to examine this relationship, ideally using hypoglycemia-specific QoL measures.

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“…The participants’ age range was 6–20 years. Three studies specifically focused on adolescents aged 12–18 [ 36 , 38 , 42 ] and one on children aged 6–12 [ 39 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Severe hypoglycemia . Seven studies examined the association between SH and FoH measured with the HFS-C [ 15 , 36 , 38 , 39 , 41 , 42 ] or the CHI-2 [ 44 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of hypoglycemia on quality of life and related outcomes in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review

et al. 2021

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“…Table 1 provides descriptions of the samples and findings from studies that have been published on FOH in the last decade. As expected, the most common predictor of FOH across almost all studies was parent report of their children experiencing severe hypoglycemic episodes [27, 31, 34, 37••, 40, 41]. However, no study has verified this by examining FOH in relation to objectively downloaded glucometer or insulin pump data.…”

Section: Factors Associated With Fear Of Hypoglycemiamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…To measure FOH, a number of questionnaires exist, including several translations [26, 27, 28•]. The oldest and most commonly used questionnaire is the Hypoglycemia Fear Survey (HFS), which was designed to measure worry related to hypoglycemia and hypoglycemia-avoidant behaviors in adults with type 1 diabetes [29]; however, clinical cutoffs do not exist which limits interpretability and use clinically.…”

Section: Assessment Of Fear Of Hypoglycemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Fear of Hypoglycemia in Children and Adolescents and Their Parents with Type 1 Diabetes

et al. 2016

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Hypoglycemia is a frequent occurrence in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. A variety of efforts have been made to standardize the definition of hypoglycemia and to define one of its most significant psychosocial consequences-fear of hypoglycemia (FOH). In addition to documenting the experience of FOH in children and adolescents type l diabetes and their parents, studies have investigate the relations between FOH and glycemic control and diabetes technology use. This review provides a summary of the recent FOH literature as it applies to pediatric type 1 diabetes.

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“…Approximately 25% of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) taking insulin for >5 years have severe hypoglycemic episodes, which is the same as the rate of severe hypoglycemic episodes in adults with type 1 diabetes diagnosed within 5 years ( UK Hypoglycaemia Study Group, 2007 ; Heller et al, 2020 ). The unpleasant symptoms caused by hypoglycemia may make the patients feel frightened; as a result, the patients may maintain high blood glucose levels to prevent hypoglycemia, which may limit the achievement of glycemic control targets ( Amiri et al, 2015 ). The issue of fear of hypoglycemia (FoH) is of great concern worldwide because of its high prevalence and negative influences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mediating Effects of Diabetes Distress, Anxiety, and Cognitive Fusion on the Association Between Neuroticism and Fear of Hypoglycemia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2021

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Purpose: To explore the relationship between neuroticism and fear of hypoglycemia (FoH) among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), as well as the mediating effects of diabetes distress, anxiety, and cognitive fusion on the relationship between neuroticism and FoH.Methods: A total of 494 patients with T2D (39.9% females, n = 197) were analyzed using the neuroticism scale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQ-RS), the Fear of Hypoglycemia-15 Scale (FH-15), the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS), the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ). The bootstrapping method was used to test the separate and parallel mediation models.Results: FoH was noted in 17.4% (n = 86) of patients. The correlations between neuroticism, diabetes distress, anxiety, cognitive fusion, and FoH were positive. Diabetes distress, anxiety, and cognitive fusion were significant mediators in the association between neuroticism and FoH in both separate and parallel mediation models. In the parallel mediation model, the mediating effect of anxiety was the highest, and the mediating effect of diabetes distress was the lowest, but no significant differences were found in the comparison of these three indirect effects.Conclusion: This study indicated that neuroticism not only directly affected FoH, but also indirectly influenced FoH via the increase of diabetes distress, anxiety, and cognitive fusion in patients with T2D. The results provide a theoretical basis for the development of intervention programs to ameliorate patients’ FoH directly and indirectly. Healthcare providers should be encouraged to develop appropriate programs based on improving diabetes distress, anxiety, and cognitive fusion to help patients with T2D improve FoH.

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Glycemic Control, Self-Efficacy and Fear of Hypoglycemia Among Iranian Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

The impact of hypoglycemia on quality of life and related outcomes in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review

The impact of hypoglycemia on quality of life and related outcomes in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review

Fear of Hypoglycemia in Children and Adolescents and Their Parents with Type 1 Diabetes

The Mediating Effects of Diabetes Distress, Anxiety, and Cognitive Fusion on the Association Between Neuroticism and Fear of Hypoglycemia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

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