G luteal aneurysms are uncommon and the majority is pseudoaneurysms caused by penetrating or blunt trauma to the buttock. 1 Sciatic pain is one of the most common symptoms encountered in routine neurosurgical practice. The predominant source of this pain is nerve root compression resulting from lumbar disc disease. Extraspinal causes are rare. 2 This article describes a case of severe sciatic pain associated with an unusual pathologic course of gluteal artery aneurysm within the pelvis.
CASE REPORTA 42-year-old man came to the hospital because of pain in his gluteal region and the posterior part of his right lower limb. The patient was struck by shrapnel in the right gluteal region approximately 15 years ago during the Iran-Iraq War. He was initially managed at a district hospital and several days after admission, he was discharged without any sensory and motor problems (Fig. 1).During the last 2 or 3 years, he had frequently felt pain and discomfort in his right gluteal region and thigh, which were alleviated by resting. During the last several months, the aggravated pain, parasthesia, and inability to walk urged the patient to seek medical attention. Initially, the patient was assessed with the impression of the sciatic pain caused by discopathy. On the neurologic examination, the pain was radiated in the path of the sciatic nerve. The straight leg raising test was positive and muscle forces in the right leg decreased slightly while deep tendon reflexes were normal. The patient was referred to us after discopathy was ruled out with computed tomography (CT) scan sequences. The CT scan results had shown a mass in the pelvic space.On examination, the abdominal palpation was normal. He had a pulsatile swelling 10 cm ϫ 10 cm in the right gluteal region and a thrill was also present. Bilateral pedal pulses were present. Initial diagnosis was pseudoaneurysm according to pulsatile swelling and palpable thrill. Doppler sonogram showed the swelling to be a false aneurysm of the right gluteal artery. Then, through the right femoral artery, an angiography of the common iliac artery, internal and external right iliac, and its branches was performed. It revealed a considerable increase in the diameter of the internal iliac artery and its branches and also the right superior gluteal artery, which led to the diagnosis of the pseudoaneurysm (Figs. 2 and 3).Since the review of the literature had shown some failure in embolization of large diameter pseudoaneurysms, it was decided to perform an operation on the patient. Under general anesthesia, via parainguinal incision that was extended superolaterally to the patient's right, we accessed the pelvic space retroperitoneally and controls of the common iliac artery and right internal and external iliac artery were obtained. The diameter of the right internal iliac artery was more than three times the normal size, which made double ligation obligatory. We then identified the gluteal branch and also double ligated it at the end part. We then turned the patient to the left lateral posi...