Glucose Electro‐oxidation on Graphite Electrode Modified with Nickel/Chromium Nanoparticles

Abstract

In this study, an available and inexpensive graphite substrate, was easily modified with Ni/Cr nanoparticles via electrodeposition technique in a very short time (3 min) and used as an electrocatalyst for glucose oxidation in alkaline solution. Graphite electrode modified with Ni/Cr nanoparticles demonstrated an outstanding electrocatalytic performance to glucose oxidation in comparison to examined Ni‐based electrodes or even different materials in other reports. It is noteworthy to mention that adding a little Cr led to a synergistic effect with Ni; accordingly, the presence of Cr not only resulted in a greater adsorption of glucose molecules by chromium oxide but also boosted conductivity of the nickel oxide because of the enhancement of Ni(III) amount. The electrochemical studies were performed by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The morphology and structure of catalyst layer was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (EDS). The linear range of the electrode by cyclic voltammetry was between 2–31 mM with a high sensitivity of 2094 μA cm−2 mM−1. The repeatability and reproducibility of the proposed electrode was examined in glucose solution which were 0.3 % and 4.7 %, respectively. According to the low cost, ease and fast preparation, good repeatability and high sensitivity, this electrode can be a good candidate for nonenzymatic glucose oxidation.

Development of modified graphite electrodes with nanoparticles and their application in the quantification of sucrose

“…8,9 Studies have also been conducted with sensors using graphite or graphene for applications in many different fields. 1,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Nanotechnology brings advantages, such as improved surface kinetics, accelerated electrochemical reactions (due to a larger electroactive surface), and better electrode selectivity, as well as providing a stable support and active sites for functionalization. Nanostructured materials may also increase the adsorption of analytes on the electrode surface, thus increasing the analytical sensitivity.…”

“…Recently, working electrodes were developed for voltammetry mainly using nanostructured materials 8,9 . Studies have also been conducted with sensors using graphite or graphene for applications in many different fields 1,10‐21 . Nanotechnology brings advantages, such as improved surface kinetics, accelerated electrochemical reactions (due to a larger electroactive surface), and better electrode selectivity, as well as providing a stable support and active sites for functionalization.…”