Glomerular epithelial cells in the urine: what has to be done to make them worthwhile?

Škoberne, Andrej; Konieczny, Andrzej; Schiffer, Mario

doi:10.1152/ajprenal.90507.2008

Cited by 51 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(145 reference statements)

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“…De-or transdifferentiation and detachment of cells as well as changes in the urine milieu have a direct effect on marker protein expression. According to Skoberne et al [64] , the urine markers most reliable for assessing disease activity of certain glomerular diseases are PDX-or CD68-positive cells.…”

Section: Podocyturiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Preeclampsia from a renal point of view: Insides into disease models, biomarkers and therapy

Müller-Deile

Schiffer

2014

WJN

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Proteinuria is a frequently detected symptom, found in 20% of pregnancies. A common reason for proteinuria in pregnancy is preeclampsia. To diagnose preeclampsia clinically and to get new insights into the pathophysiology of the disease it is at first essential to be familiar with conditions in normal pregnancy. Animal models and biomarkers can help to learn more about disease conditions and to find new treatment strategies. In this article we review the changes in kidney function during normal pregnancy and the differential diagnosis of proteinuria in pregnancy. We summarize different pathophysiological theories of preeclampsia with a special focus on the renal facets of the disease. We describe the current animal models and give a broad overview of different biomarkers that were reported to predict preeclampsia or have a prognostic value in preeclampsia cases. We end with a summary of treatment options for preeclampsia related symptoms including the use of plasmapheresis as a rescue therapy for so far refractory preeclampsia. Most of these novel biomarkers for preeclampsia are not yet implemented in clinical use. Therefore, we recommend using proteinuria (measured by UPC ratio) as a screening parameter for preeclampsia. Delivery is the only curative treatment for preeclampsia. In early preeclampsia the primary therapy goal is to prolong pregnancy until a state were the child has an acceptable chance of survival after delivery.© 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.Key words: Preeclampsia; Pregnancy; Proteinuria; Biomarkers; Treatment Core tip: This review summarises different pathophysiological theories of preeclampsia with a special focus on the renal facets of the disease. In this context current animal models are presented. The reader gets a broad overview about different biomarkers for preeclampsia. Furthermore, the article discusses treatment options for preeclampsia related symptoms including the use of plasmapheresis as a rescue therapy for so far refractory preeclampsia.Müller-Deile J, Schiffer M. Preeclampsia from a renal point of view: Insides into disease models, biomarkers and therapy. World

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Section: Podocyturiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Preeclampsia from a renal point of view: Insides into disease models, biomarkers and therapy

Müller-Deile

Schiffer

2014

WJN

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“…Dense accumulation of Gb 3 has been observed in podocytes from Fabry disease patients, which could be partially reversed by long-term enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). This would indicate that the shedding of podocytes or even leakage through renal glomeruli of circulating Gb 3 may also be a significant source of this glycosphingolipid in urine (4,14).…”

Section: What Do We Know?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the podocyte surface proteins podocalyxin is the most reproducible marker for staining of urine sediments, although this protein is also expressed on other cell types such as endothelial cells and parietal epithelial cells (14). Work is in progress to determine the appropriate urinary markers for monitoring podocyte excretion in different glomerular diseases.…”

Section: What Do We Know?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of Fabry Disease Nephropathy

Schiffmann¹,

Waldek²,

Benigni³

et al. 2010

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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It is suggested that biomarkers of renal complications of Fabry disease are likely to be useful for diagnosis and to follow the natural disease progression or the effect of specific therapeutic interventions. Traditionally, globotriaosylceramide (Gb 3 ) in urine has been used to evaluate the effect of specific therapy, such as enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Although urinary Gb 3 decreases significantly with ERT, it has not yet been shown to be a valid surrogate marker in treatment trials. We propose a detailed study of the nature and origin of Gb 3 combined with a prospective collaborative trial that combines Gb 3 changes with the effect of ERT on clinical nephrological outcome measures. Existing biomarkers such as general proteinuria/ albuminuria or specific proteins such as N-acetyl-␤-D-glucosaminidase should be evaluated along with novel proteomic or metabolomic studies for biomarker discovery using mass spectrometry or nuclear magnetic resonance. Standard scoring of all pathologic aspects of kidney biopsies may also be a promising way to assess the effect of therapy.

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“…The causes of podocytopenia include apoptosis, detachment, and inability or lack of podocytes to proliferate (3). Nephrin and podocin are both component proteins of the slit diaphragm complex with a high degree of podocyte specificity (4). Nephrin is a protein necessary for the proper functioning of the renal filtration barrier and mainly prevent the plasma proteins (especially the albumin) from filtration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Ameliorates Podocytopenia in Rats with Adriamycin-induced Nephropathy

Min-shu

Zhou

et al. 2010

Intern. Med.

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Objective To investigate the role of α3β1 integrin and α/β-dystroglycan in protective effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on podocytes in rats with adriamycin-induced nephropathy. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (NC), nephropathy group (NE), and nephropathy+1,25(OH)2D3 group (ND). Rats in NE and ND group were injected intravenously with adriamycin (0.1 mg/10 g body weight) to induce nephropathy, and those in ND group were then subcutaneously treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 for 8 weeks. Urinary protein level, number of urine podocytes, foot process width and glomerulosclerotic index were determined. Nephrin and podocin mRNA and protein expressions were determined by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Podocyte density and expressions of α3β1 integrin and α/β-dystroglycan (DG) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and western blot, respectively. Results The increase in proteinuria, podocyturia and width of foot process in NE group were ameliorated after treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 for 8 weeks. The glomerulosclerotic index was significantly decreased in ND group when compared with NE group. The podocyte density in ND group (10.3 ± 1.64 cells/glomerulus) was significantly higher than that in NE group (8.43 ± 1.75 cells/glomerulus) (p=0.008). 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment could significantly up-regulate the mRNA and protein expressions of nephrin and podocin, and the protein expressions of α3β1 integrin and α/β-DG. Conclusion The expressions of nephrin, podocin, α3β1 integrin and α/β-DG were decreased in rats with nephropathy. However, 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment could significantly up-regulate the expressions of nephrin, podocin, α3β1 integrin and α/β-DG proteins which might suppress podocyte detachment and podocytopenia.

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Glomerular epithelial cells in the urine: what has to be done to make them worthwhile?

Cited by 51 publications

References 84 publications

Preeclampsia from a renal point of view: Insides into disease models, biomarkers and therapy

Preeclampsia from a renal point of view: Insides into disease models, biomarkers and therapy

Biomarkers of Fabry Disease Nephropathy

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Ameliorates Podocytopenia in Rats with Adriamycin-induced Nephropathy

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