Global monkeypox case hospitalisation rates: A rapid systematic review and meta-analysis

DeWitt, Michael; Polk, Christopher; Williamson, John; Shetty, Avinash K.; Passaretti, Catherine; McNeil, Candice J; Fairman, Robert T.; Sampson, Mindy; Dalton, Cynthia; Sanders, John W.

doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101710

Cited by 35 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The largest number of cases registered with co-infection of Mpox and HIV are male (91.44%), which is consistent with other reviews in which it is reported that the population most affected by Mpox are men [ 6 , 68 , 69 , 70 ]. The prevalence of Mpox and HIV co-infection was 40% of the cases.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Epidemiologic Situation of HIV and Monkeypox Coinfection: A Systematic Review

et al. 2023

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The most recent monkeypox (Mpox) outbreak is mostly affecting men who have sex with men (MSM) who participate in high-risk sexual behaviors, which is typically the case among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) carriers, according to clinical and epidemiological statistics. The objective of this research is to determine the epidemiological situation of HIV and smallpox co-infection. Until 1 October 2022, a thorough evaluation of the literature was conducted utilizing the databases PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies were evaluated based on the criteria for selection. Fifty-three studies met the selection criteria. A total of 6345 confirmed cases of monkeypox were recorded, and 40.32% (n = 2558) of these cases also had HIV co-infection. In addition, 51.36% (n = 3259) of the men (91.44%; n = 5802), whose ages ranged from 18 to 71 years, exhibited MSM-specific sexual behaviors. Co-infection with these two viruses can be especially dangerous because it can exacerbate the symptoms of both diseases and make them more difficult to treat. People with HIV are more vulnerable to certain infections, including monkeypox, because their immune systems are weakened. Therefore, it is important that they take measures to prevent infection, such as avoiding contact with infected animals, risky behaviors, and maintaining good hygiene.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Epidemiologic Situation of HIV and Monkeypox Coinfection: A Systematic Review

et al. 2023

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since May 2022, the number of mpox infection cases, previously endemic in Africa, has increased dramatically in non-endemic countries [ 1 ]. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared that the global mpox outbreak represents a public health emergency of international concern [ 1 ]. Mpox is a zoonotic viral disease caused by the mpox virus, a large, enveloped double-stranded DNA orthopoxvirus (OPV) in the Orthopoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared that the global mpox outbreak represents a public health emergency of international concern [ 1 ]. Mpox is a zoonotic viral disease caused by the mpox virus, a large, enveloped double-stranded DNA orthopoxvirus (OPV) in the Orthopoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family [ 1 ]. The Orthopoxvirus genus also includes highly pathogenic variola virus (VARV) and vaccinia virus (VACV) [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mpox multi-antigen mRNA vaccine candidates by a simplified manufacturing strategy afford efficient protection against lethal orthopoxvirus challenge

Zeng

Jiang

et al. 2023

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Current unprecedented mpox outbreaks in non-endemic regions represent a global public health concern. Although two live-attenuated vaccinia virus (VACV)-based vaccines have been urgently approved for people at high risk for mpox, a safer and more effective vaccine that can be available for the general public is desperately needed. By utilizing a simplified manufacturing strategy of mixing DNA plasmids before transcription, we developed two multi-antigen mRNA vaccine candidates, which encode four (M1, A29, B6, A35, termed as Rmix4) or six (M1, H3, A29, E8, B6, A35, termed as Rmix6) mpox virus antigens. We demonstrated that those mpox multi-antigen mRNA vaccine candidates elicited similar potent cross-neutralizing immune responses against VACV, and compared to Rmix4, Rmix6 elicited significantly stronger cellular immune responses. Moreover, immunization with both vaccine candidates protected mice from the lethal VACV challenge. Investigation of B-cell receptor (BCR) repertoire elicited by mpox individual antigen demonstrated that the M1 antigen efficiently induced neutralizing antibody responses, and all neutralizing antibodies among the top 20 frequent antibodies appeared to target the same conformational epitope as 7D11, revealing potential vulnerability to viral immune evasion. Our findings suggest that Rmix4 and Rmix6 from a simplified manufacturing process are promising candidates to combat mpox.

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“…A wide variety of complications including pneumonitis, encephalitis, acute kidney injury, myocarditis, rectal perforation, cutaneous bacterial secondary infections, and corneal ulceration have been described during this outbreak 5–7 . Globally, it has been estimated that about 14% of cases have required hospital admission, while mortality remained low 8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features and diagnostic challenges of mpox (monkeypox) outbreak in Malta: a retrospective cohort study

Valentino,

Muscat,

Gauci

et al. 2023

Int J Dermatology

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BackgroundIn May of 2022, an mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) outbreak was reported from countries where the disease is not endemic, rising worldwide concern. Malta, the smallest European Union member state, faced unique challenges, with high infection rates compared to the rest of Europe. The aim of the study is to describe the clinical characteristics, diagnostic challenges, and unique demographics of mpox patients diagnosed in Malta.MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of medical records of all mpox cases recorded from May to September 2022. Demographic data, sexual behaviors and practices, travel history, comorbidities, and HIV status were investigated.ResultsIn the study period, we recorded 33 mpox cases, 97% of them were male, in the age group 30–39 (39%). Ninety percent were gay or bisexual men and 76% non‐Maltese. The most common clinical presentations included skin rash (78%), lymphadenopathy (71%), anogenital lesions (67%), and fever (67%). Twenty‐seven percent of the patients were people living with HIV. In terms of coinfection with STIs, 27% of patients tested positive for gonorrhea, 12% for syphilis, 15% for chlamydia, 9% for herpes simplex virus, and 3% for hepatitis C virus.ConclusionThe results shed light on unique challenges faced by the local sexual health clinic and call for more resources in response to the global emerging of infectious diseases.

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Global monkeypox case hospitalisation rates: A rapid systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 35 publications

References 58 publications

Epidemiologic Situation of HIV and Monkeypox Coinfection: A Systematic Review

Epidemiologic Situation of HIV and Monkeypox Coinfection: A Systematic Review

Mpox multi-antigen mRNA vaccine candidates by a simplified manufacturing strategy afford efficient protection against lethal orthopoxvirus challenge

Clinical features and diagnostic challenges of mpox (monkeypox) outbreak in Malta: a retrospective cohort study

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