“…in different cells and tissues due to chemicals such as benzopyrene, mercury, cooper, zinc, cadmium, and 5-azacytidine have been observed (Shugart, 1990;Pilsner et al, 2009;Vandegehuchte et al, 2010;Vandegehuchte and Janssen, 2011). Recent evidences have shown significant increase of locus-specific DNA methylation in goldfish (Carassius auratus) in presence of cooper, zinc, lead, cadmium and mixtures of these metals and in three-spine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) in the presence of 17b-oestradiol, HBCD and 5-AdC (Zhou et al, 2001;Aniagu et al, 2008). Regarding calli cultures, methylation rates in genomic DNA from embryogenic callus have been observed to be significantly lower in comparison with those in non-embryogenic calli for different plants (Chakrabarty et al, 2003).…”