Global correlation of Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) sequences: Evidence for Milankovitch control on sea level

Gale, Andrew S.; Hardenbol, Jan; Hathway, B.; Kennedy, William J.; Young, Jeremy R.; Phansalkar, V. G.

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0291:gcocuc>2.0.co;2

Cited by 226 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

127

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The rate of long-term sea-level rise during the Cenomanian, therefore, was 3-8 m Myr −1 , which is well below the 30 m Myr −1 maximum imposed by tectonic as opposed to glacio-eustatic forcing. However, the amplitude of medium-to short-term sea-level change of 2-20 m estimated by Gale et al (2002), although less than the 50 m calculated by Sahagian et al (1996) and > 25 m determined by Miller et al (2003Miller et al ( , 2004, indicates rates of short-term sea-level change during the Cenomanian of 10-100 m Myr −1 . It is notable that the lower amplitude sea-level variation documented by Gale et al (2002) correlates well with the amplitude of variation displayed by the δ 13 C curve (Fig.…”

Section: A Eustatic Sea-levelcontrasting

confidence: 52%

“…15), but both the Sahagian et al (1996) and the Gale et al (2002) sea-level curves independently demonstrate a rise of 50 m through the Cenomanian, corresponding to a + 3 ‰ positive shift in δ 13 C values. Miller et al (2003Miller et al ( , 2004, on the other hand, estimated a sealevel rise of only 20 m through the stage but predicted higher sea-levels in the middle Cenomanian.…”

Section: A Eustatic Sea-levelmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…11). Subsequently, a more detailed supposedly eustatic curve for the Cenomanian, constrained by high-resolution ammonite biostratigraphy, was presented by Gale et al (2002, fig. 4) based on sequence stratigraphic analysis of sections in SE India and NW Europe, and Miller et al (2003Miller et al ( , 2004 presented a sea-level curve for the entire Upper Cretaceous based on an analysis of the New Jersey Coastal Plain, USA.…”

Section: A Eustatic Sea-levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Sahagian et al (1996) and Gale et al (2002) 'eustatic' curves, rescaled against the time scale of Ogg, Agterberg & Gradstein (2004) using stage and ammonite zone data, are compared to the English Chalk composite δ 13 C profile in Figure 15. Detailed comparison with the data of Miller et al (2003Miller et al ( , 2004 is hampered by relatively poor stratigraphic control on the Cenomanian-Santonian portion of their curve; strontium isotopes were found to be diagenetically altered in this interval, and ages were constrained by limited nannofossil records supplemented by pollen and some planktonic foraminiferal data (Sugarman et al 1999).…”

Section: A Eustatic Sea-levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ¹³C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)

et al. 2006

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-Carbon stable-isotope variation through the Cenomanian-Santonian stages is characterized using data for 1769 bulk pelagic carbonate samples collected from seven Chalk successions in England. The sections show consistent stratigraphic trends and δ 13 C values that provide a basis for highresolution correlation. Positive and negative δ 13 C excursions and inflection points on the isotope profiles are used to define 72 isotope events. Key markers are provided by positive δ 13 C excursions of up to + 2 ‰: the Albian/Cenomanian Boundary Event; Mid-Cenomanian Event I; the Cenomanian/Turonian Boundary Event; the Bridgewick, Hitch Wood and Navigation events of Late Turonian age; and the Santonian/Campanian Boundary Event. Isotope events are isochronous within a framework provided by macrofossil datum levels and bentonite horizons. An age-calibrated composite δ 13 C reference curve and an isotope event stratigraphy are constructed using data from the English Chalk. The isotope stratigraphy is applied to successions in Germany, France, Spain and Italy. Correlation with pelagic sections at Gubbio, central Italy, demonstrates general agreement between biostratigraphic and chemostratigraphic criteria in the Cenomanian-Turonian stages, confirming established relationships between Tethyan planktonic foraminiferal and Boreal macrofossil biozonations. Correlation of the Coniacian-Santonian stages is less clear cut: magnetostratigraphic evidence for placing the base of Chron 33r near the base of the Upper Santonian is in good agreement with the carbon-isotope correlation, but generates significant anomalies regarding the placement of the Santonian and Campanian stage boundaries with respect to Tethyan planktonic foraminiferal and nannofossil zones. Isotope stratigraphy offers a more reliable criterion for detailed correlation of Cenomanian-Santonian strata than biostratigraphy. With the addition of Campanian δ 13 C data from one of the English sections, a composite Cenomanian-Campanian age-calibrated reference curve is presented that can be utilized in future chemostratigraphic studies.The Cenomanian-Campanian carbon-isotope curve is remarkably similar in shape to supposedly eustatic sea-level curves: increasing δ 13 C values accompanying sea-level rise associated with transgression, and falling δ 13 C values characterizing sea-level fall and regression. The correlation between carbon isotopes and sea-level is explained by variations in epicontinental sea area affecting organic-matter burial fluxes: increasing shallow sea-floor area and increased accommodation space accompanying sea-level rise allowed more efficient burial of marine organic matter, with the preferential removal of 12 C from the marine carbon reservoir. During sea-level fall, reduced seafloor area, marine erosion of previously deposited sediments, and exposure of basin margins led to reduced organiccarbon burial fluxes and oxidation of previously deposited organic matter, causing falling δ 13 C values. Additionally, drowning of carbonate platforms during...

show abstract

Section: A Eustatic Sea-levelcontrasting

confidence: 52%

Section: A Eustatic Sea-levelmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: A Eustatic Sea-levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Eustatic Sea-levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ¹³C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)

et al. 2006

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It poses the problems for calibrations and the underlying uncertainties inherent in our simplified approach (Burgess and Wright, 2003;Warrlich et al, 2008;Clavera-Gispert et al, 2017). Nevertheless, our model represents a shift from the standard accommodation-forced geometrical models (Dalmasso et al, 2001;Gale et al, 2002;Burgess et al, 2006) where coral reef stratigraphy is controlled mainly by changes in sea level. Even if our approach is a simplification of natural processes, the simulated stratigraphic patterns are a sum of simultaneous, interacting tectonic, biological, physical and sedimentological processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring coral reef responses to millennial-scale climatic forcings: insights from the 1-D numerical tool pyReef-Core v1.0

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Assemblages of corals characterise specific reef biozones and the environmental conditions that change spatially across a reef and with depth. Drill cores through fossil reefs record the time and depth distribution of assemblages, which captures a partial history of the vertical growth response of reefs to changing palaeoenvironmental conditions. The effects of environmental factors on reef growth are well understood on ecological timescales but are poorly constrained at centennial to geological timescales. pyReefCore is a stratigraphic forward model designed to solve the problem of unobservable environmental processes controlling vertical reef development by simulating the physical, biological and sedimentological processes that determine vertical assemblage changes in drill cores. It models the stratigraphic development of coral reefs at centennial to millennial timescales under environmental forcing conditions including accommodation (relative sea-level upward growth), oceanic variability (flow speed, nutrients, pH and temperature), sediment input and tectonics. It also simulates competitive coral assemblage interactions using the generalised Lotka-Volterra system of equations (GLVEs) and can be used to infer the influence of environmental conditions on the zonation and vertical accretion and stratigraphic succession of coral assemblages over decadal timescales and greater. The tool can quantitatively test carbonate platform development under the influence of ecological and environmental processes and efficiently interpret vertical growth and karstification patterns observed in drill cores. We provide two realistic case studies illustrating the basic capabilities of the model and use it to reconstruct (1) the Holocene history (from 8500 years to present) of coral community responses to environmental changes and (2) the evolution of an idealised coral reef core since the last interglacial (from 140 000 years to present) under the influence of sea-level change, subsidence and karstification. We find that the model reproduces the details of the formation of existing coral reef stratigraphic sequences both in terms of assemblages succession, accretion rates and depositional thicknesses. It can be applied to estimate the impact of changing environmental conditions on growth rates and patterns under many different settings and initial conditions.

show abstract

Early Cenomanian “hot greenhouse” revealed by oxygen isotope record of exceptionally well‐preserved foraminifera from Tanzania

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The search into Earth's mid‐Cretaceous greenhouse conditions has recently been stimulated by the Tanzania Drilling Project (TDP) which has recovered exceptionally well‐preserved biogenic carbonates from subsurface pre‐Neogene marine sediments in the eastern margin of central Africa. Published Tanzanian oxygen isotope records measured on exquisitely preserved foraminiferal tests, dating to as old as ~93 Ma, provided evidence for a Turonian “hot greenhouse” with very high and stable water‐column temperatures. We have generated a comparable data set of exceptionally well‐preserved foraminifera from a lower Cenomanian interval of TDP Site 24 spanning 99.9–95.9 Ma (planktonic foraminiferal Thalmanninella globotruncanoides Zone; nannofossil Corollithion kennedyi to Lithraphidites eccentricus Zones), thereby extending the age coverage of the Tanzanian foraminiferal δ18O record back by ~7 million years. Throughout the interval analyzed, the new foraminiferal δ18O data are consistently around −4.3‰ for surface‐dwelling planktonic taxa and −1.9‰ for benthic Lenticulina spp., which translate to conservative paleotemperature estimates of >31°C at the surface and >17°C at the sea floor (upper bathyal depths). Considering the ~40°S Cenomanian paleolatitude of TDP Site 24, these estimates are higher than computer simulation results for accepted “normal” greenhouse conditions (those with up to 4X preindustrial pCO2 level) and suggest that the climate mode of the early Cenomanian was very similar to the Turonian hot greenhouse. Taking account of other comparable data sources from different regions, the hot greenhouse mode within the normal mid‐Cretaceous greenhouse may have begun by the latest Albian, but the precise timing of the critical transition remains uncertain.

show abstract

Global correlation of Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) sequences: Evidence for Milankovitch control on sea level

Cited by 226 publications

References 8 publications

Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ¹³C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)

Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ¹³C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)

Exploring coral reef responses to millennial-scale climatic forcings: insights from the 1-D numerical tool pyReef-Core v1.0

Early Cenomanian “hot greenhouse” revealed by oxygen isotope record of exceptionally well‐preserved foraminifera from Tanzania

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Global correlation of Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) sequences: Evidence for Milankovitch control on sea level

Cited by 226 publications

References 8 publications

Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ13C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)

Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ13C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)

Exploring coral reef responses to millennial-scale climatic forcings: insights from the 1-D numerical tool pyReef-Core v1.0

Early Cenomanian “hot greenhouse” revealed by oxygen isotope record of exceptionally well‐preserved foraminifera from Tanzania

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ¹³C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)

Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ¹³C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)