Global burden of breast cancer and attributable risk factors in 195 countries and territories, from 1990 to 2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Abstract

Background: Statistical data on the incidence, mortality, and burden of breast cancer and the relevant risk factors are valuable for policy-making. We aimed to estimate breast cancer incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) by country, gender, age group, and social-demographic status between 1990 and 2017. Methods: We extracted breast cancer data from the 2017 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study from 1990 through 2017 in 195 countries and territories. Data about the number of breast cancer incident cases, deaths, DALYs, and the age-standardized rates were collected. We also estimated the risk factors attributable to breast cancer deaths and DALYs using the comparative risk assessment framework of the GBD study. Results: In 2017, the global incidence of breast cancer increased to 1,960,681 cases. The high social-development index (SDI) quintile included the highest number of breast cancer death cases. Between 2007 and 2017, the ASDR of breast cancer declined globally, especially in high SDI and high middle SDI countries. The related DALYs were 17, 708,600 in 2017 with high middle SDI quintile as the highest contributor. Of the deaths and DALYs, alcohol use was the greatest contributor in most GBD regions and other contributors included high body mass index (BMI) and high fasting plasma glucose. Conclusion: The increasing global breast cancer burden is mainly observed in lower SDI countries; in higher SDI countries, the breast cancer burden tends to be relieving. Therefore, steps against attributable risk factors should be taken to reduce breast cancer burden in lower SDI countries.

Burden, trends, and risk factors of esophageal cancer in China from 1990 to 2017: an up-to-date overview and comparison with those in Japan and South Korea

“…The standardized methods of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 have been reported [ 15 ]. To eliminate the effect of age composition from comparisons across various geographical regions or time periods, we used the ASIR, ASDR, and age-standardized DALY rate (per 100,000 populations) [ 20 ]. We generated the 95% uncertainty intervals (UI) for all reported data.…”

Exosomal Long Noncoding Rna AGAP2-AS1 Regulates Trastuzumab Resistance via Inducing Autophagy in Breast Cancer

“…Despite current chemotherapeutic regimens that evidently improved the survival of metastatic tumors, nearly all HER-2+ BC patients nally develop into resistance [25,26].LncRNAs are dysregulated invarious cancers, and modulates drug resistance byinteracting with RNA and proteins [27]. Until now, the precise regulatory mechanisms by which lncRNAs regulate trastuzumab resistance in BC is still not clearlyde ned.…”

Nutrigenomics and Breast Cancer: State-of-Art, Future Perspectives and Insights for Prevention

“…Genetics and genomics have contributed to revolutionizing the diagnostic approach as well as the prognosis and outcomes of breast tumor, paving the way for personalized and tailored ad hoc treatments, which are currently under experimentation [2]. Breast tumor is still, however, a leading cause of mortality [1], with an increased incidence up to 1,960,681 cases, contributing to 17,708,600 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2017 [3].…”