Global and Regional Greenhouse Gas Emissions Scenarios

Abstract

This article presents a set of 30 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions scenarios developed by six modeling teams. The scenarios describe trajectories up to 2100 by four world regions. Today the distribution of both income and GHG emissions is very unbalanced between various world regions. Furthermore, the relative importance of individual gases and sources of emission differ from region to region. A feature shared by all scenarios is higher growth rates of population, income and GHG emissions in the current developing countries (DEV) than in industrialized countries (IND). Today the DEV regions account for about 46% of all emissions, but by 2100 no less they contribute 67-76% of the global total. By that same year the total income generated in the DEV regions reaches 58-71 % from only 16% in 1990. As a result of these two developments, GHG emissions per unit of income converge over time. Carbon emitted from fossil fuel use remains the primary source of GHG emissions over the next century: by 2100 CO, makes up 70 to 80% of total GHG emissions. The role of sulfur warrants special attention. Contrary to many earlier studies, all scenarios presented here assum e that sulfur emissions are controlled in all regions sooner or later. and to various degrees. As sulfur plays a role in cooling of the atmosphere through formation of sulfate aerosols. a local effect, this abatement constitutes a relative local warming effect. The decrease of sulfur emissions is already observed the IND regions. and is expected also in ASIA after an initial rise.

Effect of light Intensity and photoperiod on growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and CO2 Biofixation

“…Simulation on global and regional scenarios estimated that the carbon resulted from usage of fossil fuel (this includes gas and crude oil) will still be main source of green house gas emission in the next century. It also has estimated that in year 2100 carbon dioxide may reach to the level of 70 to 80% of total emission of green house gas [7]. Nowadays, around 40% of emission of CO 2 is resulted from power generation fuelled by fossil fuel including gas, crude oil and diesel [4].…”

CO2 control by means of the increased penetration of diesel passenger cars in Finland

“…The transport sector is one of the main anthropogenic CO 2 sources (Ellis and Treanton, 1998;Kram et al, 2000). Even if modern vehicles emit less CO 2 compared to the older ones, the total CO 2 emissions increase due to the increase in the number of passenger cars, the number of driven distance, the increase in vehicle weight (due to the addition of more auxiliaries), the addition of more power consuming devices and emission control.…”

CO2reduction strategies for the Northern Netherlands

“…The best known examples of a global study are the IPCC scenarios (Pachauri and Reisinger 2007). Other examples of global scenarios are Kram et al (2000), Krewitt et al (2007) and Turton (2008). Other studies focus on a specific part of the global energy/climate system, such as transport (Azar et al 2003), homes, electricity or a country or region like the US (Brown et al 2001) or Europe (Syri et al 2001).…”