Global Agriculture: Industrial Feedstocks for Energy and Materials

Jenkins, Bryan M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-52512-3.00156-x

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…PDO also has other applications, such as the production of adhesives, solvents, detergents, cosmetics and resins . The synthesis of this diol from glycerol allows the revalorization of the main co‐product (considered as a waste) in the biodiesel production that is obtained in amounts of 10% (w/w) of biodiesel produced . Several bacterial strains of genera Klebsiella, Clostridium, Enterobacter or Lactobacillus are widely used as biocatalysts in the bioconversion of glycerol into PDO, under anaerobic or micro‐aerobic conditions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 The synthesis of this diol from glycerol allows the revalorization of the main co-product (considered as a waste) in the biodiesel production that is obtained in amounts of 10% (w/w) of biodiesel produced. 25,26 Several bacterial strains of genera Klebsiella, Clostridium, Enterobacter or Lactobacillus are widely used as biocatalysts in the bioconversion of glycerol into PDO, under anaerobic or micro-aerobic conditions. 24,27 During the fermentation process, glycerol is degraded through a mixed acid route, which consists in two coupled pathways as follows: by the oxidative pathway, a mixture of short chain organic acids (succinic, acetic and lactic, mainly) and alcohols (2,3-butanediol, acetoin and ethanol) is released; by the reductive pathway, PDO is produced via 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3-HPA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of fluid dynamic conditions on 1,3‐propanediol production from glycerol by Shimwellia blattae: carbon flux and cell response

Rodríguez

Santos

Gómez

et al. 2017

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND The study of fluid dynamic conditions is essential in the development and the scaling‐up of bioprocesses. If the working volume is large, different turbulence regimes could appear during the fermentation, affecting the metabolic state of the overall culture. In anaerobic systems, increasing the stirrer speed can induce hydrodynamic stress, increasing shear stress, and its consequences can negatively affect the cell viability, reducing the yield or the productivity of the process. RESULTS A kinetic model was employed for describing the time course of biomass growth rate and the different metabolite production rates. An increase in agitation from 100 to 500 rpm enhanced 1,3‐propanediol (PDO) production and biomass growth rate. However, when stirrer speed was increased from 600 to 1000 rpm, the shear stress had a negative effect, decreasing the maximum PDO concentration reached and the glycerol uptake rate. Cellular response to shear stress conditions was also observed by the time course viable cells and cell images. CONCLUSIONS The production of PDO from raw glycerol by S. blattae is favored by increasing the stirrer speed to 500 rpm. Cell viability and integrity are compromised by hydrodynamic stress under aggressive agitation conditions (>600 rpm). © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of fluid dynamic conditions on 1,3‐propanediol production from glycerol by Shimwellia blattae: carbon flux and cell response

Rodríguez

Santos

Gómez

et al. 2017

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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“…Sustainability of biofuels and bioenergy more generally has been a topic of considerable debate, principally for purpose-grown crops which have the potential to compete with food crops and affect prices and to indirectly induce land use changes that need proper inclusion in lifecycle GHG emission, economic, and policy characterizations [25,31]. Water use for purpose-grown crops is also of concern, although opportunities exist for greater integrated biomass production with wastewater treatment.…”

Section: Bioenergy Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three principal routes exist for converting biomass to energy: 1) thermochemical, 2) biochemical, and 3) physicochemical [25]. In practice, combinations of two or more of these routes may be used in the generation of the final product or products.…”

Section: Bioenergy Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The properties and complex chemical compositions of biomass enable the direct replacement of many fuels and products now made from more conventional nonrenewable feedstocks such as natural gas and petroleum, and provide for new products with the potential for improved economic and environmental performance (Figure 4) [25]. However, alternative markets also generate increased competition for land, water, and other resources already used by agriculture, and depending on the scale of production can both directly and indirectly affect global supplies and prices of food, feed, and fiber.…”

Section: • Light Duty Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chapter 5. Assessing the Need for High Impact Technology Research, Development & Deployment for Mitigating Climate Change

et al. 2016

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Technology is a centrally important component of all strategies to mitigate climate change. As such, it encompasses a multi-dimensional space that is far too large to be fully addressed in this brief chapter. Consequently, we have elected to focus on a subset of topics that we believe have the potential for substantial impact. As researchers, we have also narrowed our focus to address applied research, development and deployment issues and omit basic research topics that have a longer-term impact. This handful of topics also omits technologies that we deem to be relatively mature, such as solar photovoltaics and wind turbines, even though we acknowledge that additional research could further reduce costs and enhance performance. These and other mature technologies such as transportation are discussed in Chapter 6.This report and the related Summit Conference are an outgrowth of the University of California President's Carbon Neutrality Initiative, and consequently we are strongly motivated by the special demands of this ambitious goal, as we are also motivated by the corresponding goals for the State of California, the nation and the world. The unique feature of the UC Carbon Neutrality Initiative is the quest to achieve zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2025 at all ten 10 campuses. It should be emphasized that a zero emission target is enormously demanding and requires careful strategic planning to arrive at a mix of technologies, policies, and behavioral measures, as well as highly effective communication -all of which are far more challenging than reducing emissions by some 40% or even 80%. Each campus has a unique set of requirements based on its current energy and emissions. Factors such as a local climate, dependence on cogeneration, access to wholesale electricity markets, and whether a medical school is included shape the specific challenges of the campuses, each of which is a "living laboratory" setting a model for others to learn and adopt.An additional aspect of a zero GHG emission target is the need to pay close attention to system integration -i.e., how the various elements of a plan to achieve carbon neutrality fit together in the most cost effective and efficient way. This optimization imposes an additional constraint, but also provides an important opportunity to capture the synergies that can arise from those choices. For example, one of the themes that has been proposed is the complete electrification of energy supplies, residential & commercial building operation, and transportation. The deployment of storage technologies such as batteries and/or hydrogen for both transportation and for load balancing of grid and distributed generation may provide some synergistic opportunities for integrating these systems that will accelerate the deployment of each. A specific example is the use of on-board batteries in electric vehicles for load balancing the electric grid. On-site residential storage as is now being developed by Tesla Motors, has the potential to accelerate the deployment of residential sol...

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Chemical Upcycling of Waste Plastics to High Value‐Added Products via Pyrolysis: Current Trends, Future Perspectives, and Techno‐Feasibility Analysis

Hussain

Aitani

Malaibari

et al. 2023

The Chemical Record

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Chemical upcycling of waste plastics into high‐value‐added products is one of the most effective, cost‐efficient, and environmentally beneficial solutions. Many studies have been published over the past few years on the topic of recycling plastics into usable materials through a process called catalytic pyrolysis. There is a significant research gap that must be bridged in order to use catalytic pyrolysis of waste plastics to produce high‐value products. This review focuses on the enhanced catalytic pyrolysis of waste plastics to produce jet fuel, diesel oil, lubricants, aromatic compounds, syngas, and other gases. Moreover, the reaction mechanism, a brief and critical comparison of different catalytic pyrolysis studies, as well as the techno‐feasibility analysis of waste plastic pyrolysis and the proposed catalytic plastic pyrolysis setup for commercialization is also covered.

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Global Agriculture: Industrial Feedstocks for Energy and Materials

Cited by 8 publications

References 124 publications

Influence of fluid dynamic conditions on 1,3‐propanediol production from glycerol by Shimwellia blattae: carbon flux and cell response

Influence of fluid dynamic conditions on 1,3‐propanediol production from glycerol by Shimwellia blattae: carbon flux and cell response

Chapter 5. Assessing the Need for High Impact Technology Research, Development & Deployment for Mitigating Climate Change

Chemical Upcycling of Waste Plastics to High Value‐Added Products via Pyrolysis: Current Trends, Future Perspectives, and Techno‐Feasibility Analysis

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