Gliosis of astrocytes cultivated on coral skeleton is regulated by the matrix surface topography

Morad, Tzachy; Hendler, Roni Mina; Weiss, Orly Eva; Canji, Eyal; Merfeld, Ido; Dubinsky, Zvy; Minnes, Refael; Francis, Yitshak I.; Baranes, Danny

doi:10.1088/1748-605x/ab0d69

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Reversely, an uncontrolled TBI may reversely disrupt this beneficial role through releasing inflammatory cytokines and spatial occupation. In chronic TBI, excessive astrogliosis can both enhance damage repair through secretion of neuroprotective and neurotrophic factors and inhibit tissue regeneration by forming scar tissue (Morad et al, ).…”

Section: Gfap and Neurological Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurochemical regulation of the expression and function of glial fibrillary acidic protein in astrocytes

Liu

et al. 2019

Glia

103

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Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a type III intermediate filament, is a marker of mature astrocytes. The expression of GFAP gene is regulated by many transcription factors (TFs), mainly Janus kinase‐2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 cascade and nuclear factor κ‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cell signaling. GFAP expression is also modulated by protein kinase and other signaling molecules that are elicited by neuronal activity and hormones. Abnormal expression of GFAP proteins occurs in neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, brain edema‐eliciting diseases, traumatic brain injury, psychiatric disorders and others. GFAP, mainly in α‐isoform, is the major component of cytoskeleton and the scaffold of astrocytes, which is essential for the maintenance of astrocytic structure and shape. GFAP also has highly morphological plasticity because of its quick changes in assembling and polymerizing states in response to environmental challenges. This plasticity and its corresponding cellular morphological changes endow astrocytes the functions of physical barrier between adjacent neurons and stabilizer of extracellular environment. Moreover, GFAP colocalizes and even molecularly associates with many functional molecules. This feature allows GFAP to function as a platform for direct interactions between different molecules. Last, GFAP involves transportation and localization of other functional proteins and thus serves as a protein transport guide in astrocytes. This guiding role of GFAP involves an elastic retraction and extension cytoskeletal network that couples with GFAP reassembling, transporting, and membrane protein recycling machinery. This paper reviews our current understanding of the expression and functions of GFAP as well as their regulation.

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Section: Gfap and Neurological Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurochemical regulation of the expression and function of glial fibrillary acidic protein in astrocytes

Liu

et al. 2019

Glia

103

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“…The aragonite crystalline surface of the coral skeleton is a strong adhesive substrate for various isolated cells in culture, including osteocytes, [24,25] mesenchymal stem cells, [26][27][28] neurons and glial cells [14,[18][19][20]22] as well as nervous tissue ex vivo. [21] This coralline biomaterial has a positive influence on these cells, increasing their survival [20] and activity.…”

Section: Csps Adhere To the Phagocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have previously demonstrated that scaffolds derived from the skeleton of the corals Porites lutea and Trachyphyllia geoffroyi are adhesive and permissive for dissociated hippocampal neuronal tissue cultures . The scaffold nurtures the cells with its calcium ions, enhances the survival, growth and connectivity among the cultured neurons and elevates astrocytic hypertrophy . Thus the coral skeleton has considerable potential as an implant for tissue engineering of the nervous system …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[18][19][20] The scaffold nurtures the cells with its calcium ions, [20] enhances the survival, growth and connectivity among the cultured neurons [18] and elevates astrocytic hypertrophy. [21,22] Thus the coral skeleton has considerable potential as an implant for tissue engineering of the nervous system. [21] Phagocytosis is a process used by immune cells to destroy antigens and can be a burden for drug delivery because it may clear drug carries before they reach their target.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coralline Skeleton Biomaterial Reduces Phagocytosis in Mouse Blood in vitro

Gancz

Zueva

Weiss

et al. 2020

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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Inflammatory and immunogenic response to foreign bodies presents a challenge in the use of biomaterials as implants for tissue restoration. Therefore, there is a need to understand the interactions between such implants and the blood. One such material, currently in clinical use for bone replacement in humans, is the skeleton of corals, in the form of crystalline aragonite. This biomaterial has been shown to impart a protective and supportive influence on several types of cells ex vivo. The carbonate skeleton activates secretion in phagocytes in vitro, however its effects on these cells in the blood, and on the process of phagocytosis itself, remain unknown. Using 1–500 μm particles of coral skeleton, we show that these particles bind blood proteins and alter the leukocyte population, reducing the proportion of granulocytes by more than 3‐fold with no effect on the proportion of monocytes. In addition, the presence of coral skeleton in the blood causes a reduction in phagocytosis. Specifically, we observed a decrease in the percentage of phagocytic cells by 27 % in the granulocytes and by 73 % in monocyte family, as well as a 41.6 % reduction in the MFI of granulocytes, but with no such effect on monocytes. Taken together, the results suggest that the coral skeleton biomaterial may act as a strong, promotive scaffold for tissue regeneration due to its ability to reduce its rejection by inflammatory reactions such as phagocytosis.

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“…PDL enhances adherence of various cell types [19] including neurons and glia [20,21]. Indeed, PDL-coated coralline scaffolds (CS-PDL) are superior matrices for the cultivation of neural cells from the hippocampi of postnatal rat brains [8,[22][23][24][25][26]. Moreover, CS-PDL scaffolds are permissive and supportive for cultivated hippocampal tissue [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aragonite-Polylysine: Neuro-Regenerative Scaffolds with Diverse Effects on Astrogliosis

Morad¹,

Hendler²,

Canji³

et al. 2021

Prime Archives in Polymer Technology

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Biomaterials, especially when coated with adhesive polymers, are a key tool for restorative medicine, being biocompatible and supportive for cell adherence, growth, and function. Aragonite skeletons of corals are biomaterials that support survival and growth of a range of cell types, including neurons and glia. www.videleaf.com However, it is not known if this scaffold affects neural cell migration or elongation of neuronal and astrocytic processes, prerequisites for initiating repair of damage in the nervous system. To address this, hippocampal cells were aggregated into neurospheres and cultivated on aragonite skeleton of the coral Trachyphyllia geoffroyi (Coral Skeleton (CS)), on naturally occurring aragonite (Geological Aragonite (GA)), and on glass, all pre-coated with the oligomer poly-D-lysine (PDL). The two aragonite matrices promoted equally strong cell migration (4.8 and 4.3-fold above glass-PDL, respectively) and axonal sprouting (1.96 and 1.95-fold above glass-PDL, respectively). However, CS-PDL had a stronger effect than GA-PDL on the promotion of astrocytic processes elongation (1.7 vs. 1.2-fold above glass-PDL, respectively) and expression of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (3.8 vs. and 1.8-fold above glass-PDL, respectively). These differences are likely to emerge from a reaction of astrocytes to the degree of roughness of the surface of the scaffold, which is higher on CS than on GA. Hence, CS-PDL and GA-PDL are scaffolds of strong capacity to derive neural cell movements and growth required for regeneration, while controlling the extent of astrocytic involvement. As such, implants of PDL-aragonites have significant potential as tools for damage repair and the reduction of scar formation in the brain following trauma or disease.

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Gliosis of astrocytes cultivated on coral skeleton is regulated by the matrix surface topography

Cited by 5 publications

References 64 publications

Neurochemical regulation of the expression and function of glial fibrillary acidic protein in astrocytes

Neurochemical regulation of the expression and function of glial fibrillary acidic protein in astrocytes

Coralline Skeleton Biomaterial Reduces Phagocytosis in Mouse Blood in vitro

Aragonite-Polylysine: Neuro-Regenerative Scaffolds with Diverse Effects on Astrogliosis

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