2011
DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-0414
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Abstract: Purpose CMV has been ubiquitously detected within high-grade gliomas, but its role in gliomagenesis has not been fully elicited. Experimental Design Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumors were analyzed by flow cytometry to determine CMV antigen expression within various glioma-associated immune populations. The gCSC CMV IL-10 production was determined by ELISA. Human monocytes were stimulated with recombinant CMV IL-10 and levels of expression of p-STAT3, VEGF, TGF-β, viral IE1 and pp65 were determined by flow… Show more

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Cited by 119 publications
(134 citation statements)
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“…The frequency of CD34 + cells carrying latent virus is very low [0.01-0.001% (10)]; however, our results suggest that the altered secretome induced by latent virus can affect bystander uninfected CD34 + cells, inducing them to express TGF-β and cIL-10 and, thus, creating an immunosuppressive microenvironment around latently infected CD34 + cells. Our observations are consistent with other work that has shown that the viral (v)IL-10 induces an immunosuppressive phenotype in uninfected monocytes, which includes the induction of TNF-β (27).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 93%
“…The frequency of CD34 + cells carrying latent virus is very low [0.01-0.001% (10)]; however, our results suggest that the altered secretome induced by latent virus can affect bystander uninfected CD34 + cells, inducing them to express TGF-β and cIL-10 and, thus, creating an immunosuppressive microenvironment around latently infected CD34 + cells. Our observations are consistent with other work that has shown that the viral (v)IL-10 induces an immunosuppressive phenotype in uninfected monocytes, which includes the induction of TNF-β (27).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 93%
“…However, immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry using tissue samples both showed some positive signals, and nuclear staining was detected by immunohistochemistry not only in the tumor cells but also in the reactive glial cells (Supplementary Figure S2 and Supplementary Table S1). Recent studies suggest that HCMV infection may be important in inducing tumorsupportive monocytes to support the growth of the tumor cells, 29 and also, DNA changes in single cells can influence other neighboring cells either through intracellular connections or paracrine mechanisms or exosomes, 30 Table S1). Our FISH analysis is highly sensitive because we probed BAC DNA containing full-length HCMV genome, and in our previous study, we could readily detect two copies of the human genome in a cell using the same method.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…38 HCMVIL-10, produced by CD133 C cells in the tumor of GBM patients, has been suggested to mediate immunosuppressive effects on tumor macrophages. 39 In patients with GBM or other cancers, HCMV proteins are readily detected in tumor tissue by immunohistochemistry and western blot; however, only low levels of HCMV DNA and RNA are detectable, and the virus does not seem to replicate its DNA in tumors. These observations sparked controversy about whether the virus is truly present in GBMs.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%