Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity correlates with cortical perfusion parameters determined by bolus tracking arterial spin labelling (bt-ASL) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the Wistar Kyoto rat

Recent Advances in Translational Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Animal Models of Stress and Depression

“…The Wistar-kyoto (WKY) rat is an inbred rat strain with an inherent anxiety- and depressive-like behavioral phenotype. In vivo MRI has shown increased lateral ventricular volume and decreased hippocampal volume in adult WKY rats compared to the Wistar comparison strain with no change in total cortical volume (Gormley et al, 2016). Alterations in T1 and T2 relaxation times can provide information about tissue characteristics and increased T2 relaxation times were evident in the hippocampus of WKY rats compared to Wistar controls (Gormley et al, 2016), a finding that may be linked to oedema or changes in vascular permeability.…”

“…In vivo MRI has shown increased lateral ventricular volume and decreased hippocampal volume in adult WKY rats compared to the Wistar comparison strain with no change in total cortical volume (Gormley et al, 2016). Alterations in T1 and T2 relaxation times can provide information about tissue characteristics and increased T2 relaxation times were evident in the hippocampus of WKY rats compared to Wistar controls (Gormley et al, 2016), a finding that may be linked to oedema or changes in vascular permeability. Work in our group has also investigated MRI changes in the olfactory bulbectomized rat (OB) and showed opposite changes with reductions in T2 relaxation times in the hippocampus, visual cortex and left retrosplenial cortex (Gigliucci et al, 2014).…”

“…This non-invasive method directly assesses blood perfusion and provides quantitative measures relating to blood flow. Decreased cerebral perfusion was observed in the striatum and pre-limbic cortex of WKY rats compared to Wistar controls and interestingly, cerebral perfusion correlated with GFAP-positive cell number such that increased GFAP expression corresponded with increased cerebral perfusion (Gormley et al, 2016). In contrast no alterations in regional cerebral perfusion were reported in the OB rat model of depression (Gigliucci et al, 2014), again highlighting that many MR markers associated with depressed phenotypes may be “model” or patient specific.…”

Діагностичне Значення Нейроспецифічних Маркерів Nse, S-100, Gfap, MBP І BDNF У Цереброспінальній Рідині Хворих На Вірусний Менінгіт

“…Some of the most studied NSM are neuron specific enolase (NSE), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), S-100 protein, myelin basic protein (MBP) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). GFAP is one of the main immunocytochemical markers of astrocytes, the most important representative of microglia in the CNS of mammals [3,4]. Protein S-100 is a specific protein for the cells of the astrocytic glory of the CNS, and the NSE is an intracellular cytoplasmic enzyme of the neurons that catalyzes the transformation of 2-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoenolpyruvate [5].…”

“…Cerebrospinal fluid MBP levels increase in acute demyelination [8,9]. Thus, the diagnostic and prognostic value of increasing of NSE, the MBP, GFAP, BDNF, S-100 protein levels in stroke, craniocerebral trauma, and CNS defects in newborns has been proven [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. During viral neuroinfections, damage to the cells of the brain occurs, and determining of the levels of neuro-specific markers may have a diagnostic value.…”