Glasshouse trials of Coniothyrium minitans and Trichoderma species for the biological control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in celery and lettuce

Abstract

Coniothyrium minitans, Trichoderma harzianum (HH3) and Trichoderma sp. (B1) were tested for ability to control disease caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in a sequence of a celery crop and two lettuce crops in the glasshouse. In control plots, over 80% of celery and 90 and 60% of lettuce in first and second crops, respectively, were infected at harvest. Only the C. minitaris treatment in the first lettuce crop decreased disease and increased marketable yield. Nevertheless, C. minitans reduced the number of sclerotia recovered at harvest in the celery and first lettuce crops and decreased sclerotial survival over the autumn fallow periods following the celery and second lettuce crop. C. minitans survived in soil for over 1 year and spread to infect sclerotia in virtually all other plots. C. minitans infected sclerotia at all times of the year but sclerotia still failed to degrade during the summer months when the soil was dry. The Trichoderma species tested had no effect on disease and almost no effect on the survival of the sclerotia. even though they could be recovered from soil for the duration of the experiments.

Biological control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by film‐coating Coniothyrium minitans on to sunflower seed and sclerotia

“…Coniothyrium minitans is a well documented mycoparasite and has been shown to control S. sclerotiorum on a range of crops in both field and glasshouse trials (Huang, 1980;Zazzerini & Tosi, 1985;Lynch & Ebben, 1986;Whipps et al, 1989;Budge & Whipps, 1991;Whipps & Budge, 1992;Evenhuis et al, 1995;Gerlagh et al,1995;Budge et al, 1995;Lüth, 1995;. In these trials, solid-substrate preparations of C. minitans were often incorporated into soil prior to sowing or planting, or large volumes of C. minitans conidia were applied to the crop and soil.…”

Biocontrol of Potato White Mold Using Coniothyrium minitans and Resistance of Potato Cultivars to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

“…Phone) +98-9183137884, FAX) +98-811-2514744 E-mail) smro58@basu.ac.ir sclerotium of S. sclerotiorum (Gerlagh et al, 2003) in laboratory conditions but the biocontrol efficacy of C. minitans on S. sclerotiorum is diminished at high pathogen inoculum levels (Budge and Whipps, 1991;Budge et al, 1995). The optimum temperature for spore germination, infection and destruction of S. sclerotiorum sclerotia by C. minitans is 20°C (Trutmann et al, 1980) and Hamadan is located in a temperate region in the west of Iran.…”

“…Among fungal biological control agents (BCAs), Coniothyrium minitans Campbell is the most promising agent for control of S. sclerotiorum and when applied to soil, it has been shown to effectively control S. sclerotiorum on celery, lettuce (Budge and Whipps, 1991) and sunflower (Huang and Hoes 1980;Huang 1980;McLaren et al, 1994). This mycoparasite was first described for biocontrol of S. sclerotiorum in California by Campbell (1947) and has been reported from more than 30 countries on all continents except Antarctica (Sandys-Winsch et al, 1993).…”

“…This fungus can infect and degrade sclerotia in soil and has the potential to control S. sclerotiorum by reducing carpogenic germination, and viability of sclerotia (Huang, 1980;Jones and Whipps, 2002;Tribe, 1957;Trutmann et al, 1980;Whipps and Budge, 1990). C. minitans has been shown to survive in soil for several years after application (Budge and Whipps, 1991;McQuilken et al, 1995) and is associated with the development of sclerotinia suppressive soils (Huang and Kozub, 1991). It has been reported that only a single conidium of C. minitans is needed to infect a *Corresponding author.…”

Actinobactérias de biomas brasileiros: biodiversidade e potencial de uso na agricultura

“…12, 13 14 e 15) de Streptomyces cavourensis (1AS2a), tanto no modo positivo quanto no modo negativo apresentaram semelhanças nos perfis metabólicos dos extratos obtidos (Figura 17,18,19 e 20).…”