Glacier mass balance interpreted from biological analysis of firn cores in the Chilean lake district

Santibáñez, Pamela A.; Kohshima, Shiro; Scheihing, Rodrigo; Jaramillo, J. S.; Shiraiwa, Takayuki; Matoba, Sumito; Kanda, D.; Labarca, P.; Casassa, Gino

doi:10.3189/002214308785837101

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, yeast had not propagated in every high MFP + IRP anomalies, many other factors could relate to the life cycle of cold‐adapted microorganisms in snow. Therefore, we could not utilize yeast growth layer for the seasonal marker of every summer layers as previous studies [ Yoshimura et al , 2000; Shiraiwa et al , 2001; Uetake et al , 2006; Kohshima et al , 2007; Santibañez et al , 2008]. Most of these previous studies were of ice cores that experience more frequent melt conditions than our site, because they are lower in altitude and latitude.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Evidence for propagation of cold-adapted yeast in an ice core from a Siberian Altai glacier

Uetake¹,

Kohshima²,

Nakazawa³

et al. 2011

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Cold environments, including glacier ice and snow, are known habitats for cold-adapted microorganisms. We investigated the potential for cold-adapted yeast to have propagated in the snow of the high-altitude Belukha glacier. We detected the presence of highly concentrated yeast (over 10 4 cells mL A cold-adapted Rhodotorula sp. was isolated from the snow layer and found to be related to psychrophilic yeast previously found in other glacial environments (based on the D1/D2 26S rRNA domains). 26S rRNA clonal analysis directly amplified from meltwater within the ice core also revealed the presence of genus Rhodotorula. Analyses of the ice core showed that all peaks in yeast concentration corresponded to the peaks in indices of surface melting. These results support the hypothesis that occasional surface melting in an accumulation area is one of the major factors influencing cold-adapted yeast propagation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Annually, these cells are presumably buried by snow accumulation. Therefore, the depth distribution of snow algae in an ice core show the location of summer layers and these act as annual markers for ice core dating [ Yoshimura et al , 2000; Shiraiwa et al , 2001; Uetake et al , 2006; Kohshima et al , 2007; Santibañez et al , 2008].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for propagation of cold-adapted yeast in an ice core from a Siberian Altai glacier

Uetake¹,

Kohshima²,

Nakazawa³

et al. 2011

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…Several studies conducted on glaciers worldwide have proven that pollen (Nakazawa et al, 2004(Nakazawa et al, , 2005(Nakazawa et al, , 2011(Nakazawa et al, , 2015Santibañez et al, 2008;Uetake et al, 2006) and stable isotopes (Gabrielli et al, 2008;Haeberli et al, 1983;Thompson, 1980;Dansgaard, 1964;Vareschi, 1934) are valuable proxies to detect seasonality in ice cores. However, annual layer counting from oxygen and hydrogen isotopes ratios is a far more common chronological tool than the palynological approach, the potential of which remains largely unexplored.…”

Section: Festi Et Al: Linking Pollen Deposition and Snow Accumulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking pollen deposition and snow accumulation on the Alto dell'Ortles glacier (South Tyrol, Italy) for sub-seasonal dating of a firn temperate core

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Dating of ice cores from temperate non-polar glaciers is challenging and often problematic. However, a proper timescale is essential for a correct interpretation of the proxies measured in the cores. Here, we introduce a new method developed to obtain a sub-seasonal timescale relying on statistically measured similarities between pollen spectra obtained from core samples and daily airborne pollen monitoring samples collected in the same area. This approach was developed on a 10 m core retrieved from the temperatefirn portion of Alto dell'Ortles glacier (Eastern Italian Alps), for which a 5-year annual/seasonal timescale already exists. The aim was to considerably improve this timescale, reaching the highest possible temporal resolution and testing the efficiency and limits of pollen as a chronological tool. A test of the new timescale was performed by comparing our results to the output (date of layer formation) of the mass balance model EISModel, during the period encompassed by the timescale. The correspondence of the results supports the new sub-seasonal timescale based on pollen analysis. This comparison also allows us to draw important conclusions on the post-depositional effects of meltwater percolation on the pollen content of the firn core as well as on the climatic interpretation of the pollen signal.

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“…Incidentally, pollen is regularly found in mid-and low-latitude glaciers because most glaciers are located within a few tens of kilometers of pollen sources (e.g., Haeberli et al 1983, Liu et al 1998, Reese and Liu 2002, Reese et al 2003, Nakazawa et al 2004, 2005, Santibáñez et al 2008. Pollen grains found in glaciers are typically well preserved, often having unbroken walls and intact cytoplasm (Nakazawa et al , 2012.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA analysis for section identification of individual Pinus pollen grains from Belukha glacier, Altai Mountains, Russia

Nakazawa¹,

Uetake²,

Suyama³

et al. 2013

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Pollen taxon in sediment samples can be identified by analyzing pollen morphology. Identification of related species based on pollen morphology is difficult and is limited primarily to genus or family. Because pollen grains of various ages are preserved at below 0 • C in glaciers and thus are more likely to remain intact or to suffer little DNA fragmentation, genetic information from such pollen grains should enable identification of plant taxa below the genus level. However, no published studies have attempted detailed identification using DNA sequences obtained from pollen found in glaciers. As a preliminary step, this study attempted to analyze the DNA of Pinus pollen grains extracted from surface snow collected from the Belukha glacier in the Altai Mountains of Russia in the summer of 2003. A 150-bp rpoB fragment from the chloroplast genome in each Pinus pollen grain was amplified by polymerase chain reaction, and DNA products were sequenced to identify them at the section level. A total of 105 pollen grains were used for the test, and sequences were obtained from eight grains. From the sequences obtained, the pollen grains were identified as belonging to the section Quinquefoliae. Trees of the extant species Pinus sibirica in the section Quinquefoliae are currently found surrounding the glacier. The consistency of results for this section suggests that the pollen in the glacier originated from the same Pinus trees as those found in the immediate surroundings.

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Glacier mass balance interpreted from biological analysis of firn cores in the Chilean lake district

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

Evidence for propagation of cold-adapted yeast in an ice core from a Siberian Altai glacier

Evidence for propagation of cold-adapted yeast in an ice core from a Siberian Altai glacier

Linking pollen deposition and snow accumulation on the Alto dell'Ortles glacier (South Tyrol, Italy) for sub-seasonal dating of a firn temperate core

DNA analysis for section identification of individual Pinus pollen grains from Belukha glacier, Altai Mountains, Russia

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