Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive-like effect via regulating NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in rats

Zhang, Yongqiang; Wang, Xubo; Xue, Ranran; Gao, Xin; Wu, Li

doi:10.1097/wnr.0000000000001302

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The CUMS model was established referring to previous studies [ 20 – 23 ] that evaluate biological effects of antidepressants. Except for the control group, the remaining 60 rats underwent a 21-day CUMS procedure modified on Zhang et al [ 24 ], during which the rats were exposed to different stressors including water deprivation (24 h), food deprivation (24 h), immobilization (2 h), level shaking (5 min), and tail clamping (3 min; 3 cm from the end of the tail). These stressors were processed randomly as one stressor per day on rats, and the same stressor was not applied consecutively over two days to avoid animals' prediction of the occurrence of stimulation ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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EA Ameliorated Depressive Behaviors in CUMS Rats and Was Related to Its Suppressing Autophagy in the Hippocampus

et al. 2020

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Autophagy is confirmed to be involved in the onset and development of depression, and some antidepressants took effect by influencing the autophagic process. Electroacupuncture (EA), as a common complementary treatment for depression, may share the mechanism of influencing autophagy in the hippocampus like antidepressants. To investigate that, sixty Sprague-Dawley rats firstly went through chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model establishment, and 15 rats were assigned to a control group. After modeling, 45 successfully CUMS-induced rats were randomly divided to 3 groups: CUMS, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), and EA groups (15 rats per group), to accept different interventions for 2 weeks. A sucrose preference test (SPT), weighing, and open field test (OFT) were measurement for depressive behaviors of rats. Transmission electron microscope (TEM), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and western blot analysis were used to evaluate the autophagic changes. After that, depression-like behaviors were successfully induced in CUMS models and reversed by SSRI and EA treatments (both p<0.05), but these two therapies had nonsignificant difference between each other (p>0.05). Autolysosomes observed through TEM in the CUMS group were more than that in the control group. Their number and size in the SSRI and EA groups also decreased significantly. From IHC, the CUMS group showed enhanced positive expression of both Beclin1 and LC3 in CA1 after modeling (p<0.05), and the LC3 level declined after EA treatments, which was verified by decreased LC3-II/LC3-I in western blot analysis. We speculated that CUMS-induced depression-like behavior was interacted with an autophagy process in the hippocampus, and EA demonstrated antidepressant effects by partly inhibiting autophagy with a decreased number of autolysosomes and level of LC3 along with LC3-II/LC3-I.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The whole intervention lasted for 14 days after CUMS modeling [ 24 ]. After CUMS modeling, rats in the EA group underwent EA at GV20 (at the midpoint between the auricular apices) and GV29 (at the midpoint between the medial ends of the two eyebrows) [ 26 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

EA Ameliorated Depressive Behaviors in CUMS Rats and Was Related to Its Suppressing Autophagy in the Hippocampus

et al. 2020

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“…Stressful situations modulate serotonergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission in animal models of depression, as well as eating behavior (Gamaro, Manoli, Torres, Silveira, & Dalmaz, 2003). Although, weight gain is a physical sign of the effect of chronic stress (Nollet, Guisquet, & Belzung, 2013), some studies reported a decline in the rate of body weight gain in unpredictable chronic mild stress animals (Kaster et al., 2015; Nollet et al., 2011; Zhang et al., 2019), and others have been unable to detect differences in this parameter (Li et al., 2007; Yalcin, Belzung, & Surget, 2008). Herein, we demonstrated a reduction in body‐weight gain in CUS mice, which was related to depressive phenotype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animals were randomly divided into six groups as follows: control/vehicle (water), control/fluoxetine (20 mg/kg), control/extract (200 mg/kg), CUS/vehicle, CUS/fluoxetine (20 mg/kg), and CUS/extract (200 mg/kg). The CUS procedure was performed according to a method described previously (Kaster et al., 2015; Liang et al., 2012; Zhang, Wang, Xue, Gao, & Li, 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eugenia uniflorafruit extract exerts neuroprotective effect on chronic unpredictable stress‐induced behavioral and neurochemical changes

et al. 2020

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The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of chronic administration of Eugenia uniflora fruit extract on behavioral parameters, oxidative stress markers, and acetylcholinesterase activity in an animal model of depression, which was induced by chronic unpredictable stress (CUS). Mice were divided into six groups as follows: control/vehicle (water), control/fluoxetine (20 mg/kg), control/extract (200 mg/kg), CUS/vehicle, CUS/fluoxetine (20 mg/kg), and CUS/extract (200 mg/kg). Animals of the CUS group were exposed to a series of stressors for a period of 21 days. Vehicle, fluoxetine, and hydroalcoholic extract were administered daily by gavage. Results showed that E. uniflora treatment: (a) prevented the depressant-like effect induced by CUS; (b) regulated the activity of acetylcholinesterase; (c) reduced oxidative damage to lipids and reactive oxygen species production, in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus; and (d) prevented the reduction of glutathione peroxidase in the hippocampus of animals subjected to CUS protocol. Taken together, our findings suggested that E. uniflora extract exerts a neuroprotective effect by preventing oxidative damage and decreasing CUS-induced acetylcholinesterase activity, thus, ameliorating depressive-type behavior. Practical applications E. uniflora fruit extract revealed an antidepressant-like effect and prevented the oxidative damage as well as cholinergic alterations caused by chronic stress in mice. Therefore, we believe that the results obtained in this study can be used to develop an alternative therapy for the management of depressive disorders.

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“…However, through the study of the effective molecular structures of the nine components of JZG, it is not difficult to determine that the effective molecules in JZG play active roles in the treatment of depression through various pathways. Ginsenoside can lessen unpredictable mild stress and depression-like effects by regulating the NF-κ B/NLRP3 pathway in a rat model; 136 ginsenoside may also protect depression-like behavior by inhibiting glial activation, synaptic damage, and neuronal apoptosis. 137 Schisandrin protects depression-like behaviors caused by chronic unpredictable mild stress through GDNF/ERK1/2/ ROS and PI3K/AKT/NOX signaling pathways.…”

Section: The Pharmacological Mechanism Of Jzg In the Treatment Of Depmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Traditional Chinese Medicine Jiuwei Zhenxin Granules in Treating Depression: An Overview</p>

Wang

2020

NDT

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Depression is known as "Yu Zheng" in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Jiuwei Zhenxin granules (JZG) is a type of TCM. According to TCM theory, it nourishes the heart and spleen, tonifies Qi, and tranquilizes the spirit, and may also has effects in the treatment of depression. Here, we systematically reviewed recent basic and clinical experimental studies of JZG and depression, including studies of the pharmacological mechanisms, active ingredients, and clinical applications of JZG in depression treatment. This review will deepen our understanding of the pharmacological mechanisms, drug interactions, and clinical applications of TCM prescriptions and provide a basis for the development of new drugs in the treatment of depression.

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Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive-like effect via regulating NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in rats

Cited by 28 publications

References 35 publications

EA Ameliorated Depressive Behaviors in CUMS Rats and Was Related to Its Suppressing Autophagy in the Hippocampus

EA Ameliorated Depressive Behaviors in CUMS Rats and Was Related to Its Suppressing Autophagy in the Hippocampus

Eugenia uniflorafruit extract exerts neuroprotective effect on chronic unpredictable stress‐induced behavioral and neurochemical changes

<p>Traditional Chinese Medicine Jiuwei Zhenxin Granules in Treating Depression: An Overview</p>

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