Ghrelin in Type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome

Ukkola, Olavi

doi:10.1016/j.mce.2011.02.009

Cited by 39 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…We found that ghrelin concentrations of patients with type 2 diabetes was significantly lower (P<0.05) than those of controls group which was in line with previous studies [7,[15][16][17]. Our findings support the view that low ghrelin level could have a causative role in the development of type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Ghrelin Concentrations In the Studied Groupssupporting

confidence: 92%

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The Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Total Ghrelin Level in a Population Sample in the United Arab Emirates

Farajallah¹,

Ahmed²,

Abdullah³

et al. 2014

iosrphr

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Section: Ghrelin Concentrations In the Studied Groupssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The majority of the publications addressing the relationship between ghrelin and insulin resistance and/or diabetic states suggest that a correlation between ghrelin and insulin resistance and/or diabetes might exist [5][6][7]. A recent study showed that a high circulating ghrelin level was associated with insulin resistance [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Total Ghrelin Level in a Population Sample in the United Arab Emirates

Farajallah¹,

Ahmed²,

Abdullah³

et al. 2014

iosrphr

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“…Hypersecretion of ghrelin caused by a lack of insulin effects can lead to diabetic polyphagia. This in turn can lead to the development of several metabolic abnormalities that include obesity and cardiovascular complications (Duckworth, 2001;Ukkola, 2011). Therefore, increased food intake ascribed to elevated plasma ghrelin concentrations is a major contributor to the development of macro-and microvascular complications of diabetes (Shintani et al, 2001;Ukkola, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This in turn can lead to the development of several metabolic abnormalities that include obesity and cardiovascular complications (Duckworth, 2001;Ukkola, 2011). Therefore, increased food intake ascribed to elevated plasma ghrelin concentrations is a major contributor to the development of macro-and microvascular complications of diabetes (Shintani et al, 2001;Ukkola, 2011). Additionally, enhanced plasma ghrelin levels have also been observed in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes and are associated with diabetic polyphagia (Delhanty & van der Lely, 2011;Masaoka et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Syzygium Aromaticum-Derived Triterpenes on Gastrointestinal Ghrelin Expression in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Luvuno¹,

Mbongwa²,

Khathi³

2016

Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med

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Background: Diabetic polyphagia has been associated with elevated plasma ghrelin levels in experimental type 1 diabetes. This increase in food consumption contributes to chronic hyperglycaemia in diabetes thus contributing to the development of micro-and macrovascular complications. We have reported that plant-derived oleanolic acid (OA) and maslinic acid (MA) reduce blood glucose levels, in part, through the inhibition of intestinal carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes and glucose transporters. However, their effects on food intake and plasma ghrelin concentrations are unclear. Accordingly, we investigated the effects of these triterpenes on food intake and ghrelin expression in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Material: The effects of OA and MA on blood glucose concentration; food and water intake were monitored over five weeks after which plasma ghrelin concentrations were measured. Additionally, the expression of ghrelin in the various sections of the GIT was determined using Western blot analysis. Results: Ghrelin concentrations in untreated STZ-induced diabetic rats were significantly higher in comparison to the non-diabetic control. Interestingly, the administration of OA and MA reduced food intake, blood glucose levels and plasma ghrelin levels in STZinduced diabetic rats. This was further complemented by significant reductions in the gastrointestinal expression of ghrelin suggesting that the anti-diabetic properties of these triterpenes are mediated, in part, through the reduction of food intake and the modulation of ghrelin expression. Conclusion:The findings of the study suggest that the control of food intake through the reduction of ghrelin expression by plantderived OA and MA may constitute an avenue of glycaemic control in diabetes mellitus.

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“…In addition to its role in normal physiology, ghrelin has been associated with a number of disease processes, including obesity (Scerif et al 2011, Yi et al 2011, type 2 diabetes mellitus and hyperinsulinaemia (Ukkola 2011), gastrointestinal disease (Jeffery et al 2011), cardiovascular disease (Isgaard & Granata 2011), reproductive disorders (Repaci et al 2011), mental health (Steiger et al 2011) and cancer (Chopin et al 2011, Deboer 2011. Ghrelin may play a role in prostate cancer progression, and we have previously demonstrated that ghrelin mRNA and protein is expressed in prostate cancer cell lines and tissues and that ghrelin stimulates cell proliferation in prostate cancer cell lines (Jeffery et al 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning of a novel insulin-regulated ghrelin transcript in prostate cancer

Seim¹,

Lubik²,

Lehman³

et al. 2012

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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Ghrelin is a multifunctional hormone, with roles in stimulating appetite and regulating energy balance, insulin secretion and glucose homoeostasis. The ghrelin gene locus (GHRL) is highly complex and gives rise to a range of novel transcripts derived from alternative first exons and internally spliced exons. The wild-type transcript encodes a 117 amino acid preprohormone that is processed to yield the 28 amino acid peptide ghrelin. Here, we identified insulin-responsive transcription corresponding to cryptic exons in intron 2 of the human ghrelin gene. A transcript, termed in2c-ghrelin (intron 2-cryptic), was cloned from the testis and the LNCaP prostate cancer cell line. This transcript may encode an 83 amino acid preproghrelin isoform that codes for ghrelin, but not obestatin. It is expressed in a limited number of normal tissues and in tumours of the prostate, testis, breast and ovary. Finally, we confirmed that in2c-ghrelin transcript expression, as well as the recently described in1-ghrelin transcript, is significantly upregulated by insulin in cultured prostate cancer cells. Metabolic syndrome and hyperinsulinaemia have been associated with prostate cancer risk and progression. This may be particularly significant after androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer, which induces hyperinsulinaemia, and this could contribute to castrate-resistant prostate cancer growth. We have previously demonstrated that ghrelin stimulates prostate cancer cell line proliferation in vitro. This study is the first description of insulin regulation of a ghrelin transcript in cancer and should provide further impetus for studies into the expression, regulation and function of ghrelin gene products.

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Ghrelin in Type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome

Abstract: Please cite this article as: Ukkola, O., Ghrelin in type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology (2010),

Cited by 39 publications

References 28 publications

The Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Total Ghrelin Level in a Population Sample in the United Arab Emirates

The Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Total Ghrelin Level in a Population Sample in the United Arab Emirates

The Effects of Syzygium Aromaticum-Derived Triterpenes on Gastrointestinal Ghrelin Expression in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Cloning of a novel insulin-regulated ghrelin transcript in prostate cancer

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