Getting a grip on reality: Grasping movements directed to real objects and images rely on dissociable neural representations

Freud, Erez; Macdonald, Scott N.; Chen, Juan; Quinlan, Derek J.; Goodale, Melvyn A.; Culham, Jody C.

doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2017.02.020

Cited by 89 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This would be consistent with claims that the visual impression of stereopsis is associated with the conscious awareness of the capacity to manipulate 3D objects (Michotte, 1948). Our results are consistent with other recent work in fMRI that has also implicated regions of the parietal cortex in differentiating visual perception guiding movements to either real or pictured objects (Freud et al, 2018). Future research will need to provide further confirmatory evidence and determine if the representation and processes that bring about the experience of stereopsis and realness are the same regardless of the source of the depth signal (binocular disparity, motion parallax or pictorial cues) and also identify the specific stage of transformation of visual information that underlies this central phenomenological aspect of human 3D space perception.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…EEG source localizations still have significant limitations in spatial resolution as compared to fMRI (Brookes et al, 2008; Gross, 2016; Wan et al, 2008), and precise and optimal EEG source localization is likely to be difficult in the visual cortex, which has more complicated structure and layers, and required use of retinotopic mapping in fMRI (Backus et al, 2001; Bridge and Parker, 2007; Cottereau et al, 2011; Durand et al, 2009; Goncalves et al, 2015; Minini et al, 2010; Preston et al, 2008). However, despite the limitations of the fairly board approach we employed to detect a dissociable neural signature of monocular stereopsis, our data of significant gamma ERS within the parietal cortex for the monocular aperture condition, taken together with recent evidence for processes in anterior IPS in the parietal cortex for real vs. pictured objects (Freud et al, 2018), provide converging evidence that the visual impressions associated with stereopsis are likely associated with visual encoding in later stages of processing in the dorsal stream.…”

Section: Parietal Vs Extrastriate Regions In Generating Stereopsissupporting

confidence: 57%

“…The higher gamma ERS observed in the parietal cortex VE location under the monocular aperture viewing could not be plausibly related with preparation for the movement execution as such preparation should have been common to all conditions and would have been subtracted out in the contrasts (3D-2D). Like us, Freud et al (2018), who also found greater activation in anterior IPS during the planning phase of visually guided grasping of real vs. pictured objects before the movement execution, attribute the activity to the visual perception during response preparation, rather than the response preparation itself.…”

Section: Behavioural Data Motor Preparation and Attentionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Additionally, the parietal cortex is thought to support an extensive range of sensory and cognitive functions including spatial representation, multimodal integration, attentional control, motor planning, and working memory (see reviews, Behrmann et al, 2004; Buneo and Andersen, 2006; Culham and Kanwisher, 2001; Grefkes and Fink, 2005; Hubbard et al, 2005; Kastner and Ungerleider, 2000; Merriam and Colby, 2005; Mesulam et al, 2005; Orban et al, 2006; Wagner et al, 2005; Yantis and Serences, 2003). Most importantly, accumulating evidence of human fMRI studies demonstrates that the human parietal cortex processes visual information in a form that supports the ability to manipulate objects both physically (Binkofski et al, 1998; Culham et al, 2003; Freud et al, 2018; Shikata et al, 2003; Snow et al, 2011) and mentally (Gauthier et al, 2002; Shikata et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissociating neural activity associated with the subjective phenomenology of monocular stereopsis: an EEG study

Uji

Jentzsch

Redburn

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstracts 1The subjective phenomenology associated with stereopsis, of solid tangible objects separated 2 by a palpable negative space, is conventionally thought to be a by-product of the derivation of 3 depth from binocular disparity. However, the same qualitative impression has been reported 4 in the absence of disparity, e.g., when viewing pictorial images monocularly through an 5 aperture. Here we aimed to explore if we could identify dissociable neural activity associated 6 with the qualitative impression of stereopsis, in the absence of the processing of binocular 7 disparities. We measured EEG activity while subjects viewed pictorial (non-stereoscopic) 8 images of 2D and 3D geometric forms under four different viewing conditions (Binocular, 9 Monocular, Binocular aperture, Monocular aperture). EEG activity was analysed by 10 oscillatory source localization (beamformer technique) to examine power change in occipital 11 and parietal regions across viewing and stimulus conditions in targeted frequency bands 12 (alpha: 8-13Hz & gamma: 60-90Hz). We observed expected event-related gamma 13 synchronization and alpha desynchronization in occipital cortex and predominant gamma 14 synchronization in parietal cortex across viewing and stimulus conditions. However, only the 15 viewing condition predicted to generate the strongest impression of stereopsis (monocular 16 aperture) revealed significantly elevated gamma synchronization within the parietal cortex for 17 the critical contrasts (3D vs. 2D form). These findings suggest dissociable neural processes 18 specific to the qualitative impression of stereopsis as distinguished from disparity processing. 19 20 Keywords 21 Stereopsis, Monocular aperture, EEG, qualitative impression, parietal cortex, gamma 22 synchronization 23 1 Ames, A., 1925.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Parietal Vs Extrastriate Regions In Generating Stereopsissupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Behavioural Data Motor Preparation and Attentionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Dissociating neural activity associated with the subjective phenomenology of monocular stereopsis: an EEG study

Uji

Jentzsch

Redburn

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The action/perception theory suggests that there are two neural systems of movement control, an online action-system for real movements and an offline perceptual-system for pantomime movements, mediated by a dorsal stream parietal cortex to motor cortex pathway and by a ventral stream, temporal cortex to motor cortex pathway, respectively (Goodale et al, 1991;Goodale et al, 1994;Westwood et al, 2000;Milner et al, 2001;Fukui and Inui, 2013;Holmes et al, 2013;Kuntz and Whishaw, 2016). One focus of hand studies is on single hand movements, picking up an object, retrieving an item of food for eating, or pointing (Karl et al, 2012;Karl and Whishaw, 2013;Freud et al, 2018;Ingram et al, 2019;Urbán et al, 2019), another is on bilateral hand movements (Kelso et al, 1979;Franz et al, 1991;Donchin et al, 1998;Swinnen, 2002;De Jesus et al, 2018;Osumi et al, 2019;Shih et al, 2019), but real/pantomime differences have not been featured in bilateral hand movement studies. Because bilateral hand movements can be target directed and involve interlimb coordination, their complexity provides a dimension of movement that could provide insights into real/pantomime nervous system differences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reach and Grasp Altered in Pantomime String-Pulling: A Test of the Action/Perception Theory in a Bilateral Reaching Task

Singh

Mandziak

Barr

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The action/perception theory of cortical organization is supported by the finding that pantomime hand movements of reaching and grasping are different from real movements. Frame-by-frame video analysis and MATLAB ® based tracking examined real/pantomime differences in a bilaterally movement, string-pulling, pulling down a rope with hand-over-hand movements.Sensory control of string-pulling varied from visually-direct when cued, visually-indirect when non cued and somatosensory controlled in the absence of vision. Cued grasping points were visual tracked and the pupils dilated in anticipation of the grasp, but when noncued, visual tracking and pupil responses were absent. In real string-pulling, grasping and releasing the string featured an arpeggio movement in which the fingers close and open in the sequence 5 through 1 (pinki first, thumb last); in pantomime, finger order was reversed, 1 through 5. In real stringpulling, the hand is fully opened and closed to grasp and release; in pantomime, hand opening was attenuated and featured a gradual opening centered on the grasp. The temporal structure of arm movements in real string-pulling featured up-arm movements that were faster than downarm movement. In pantomime, up/down movements had similar speed. In real string-pulling, up/down arm movements were direct and symmetric; in pantomime, they were more circular and asymmetric. That pantomime string-pulling featured less motoric and temporal complexity than real string-pulling is discussed in relation to the action/perception theory and in relation to the idea that pantomimed string-pulling may feature the substitution of gestures for real movement. Significant StatementMost laboratory studies investigating hand movements made by humans feature single hand movements, the current study presents a novel string-pulling task to study bimanual coordination of left and right hands in real and pantomime conditions. That pantomime string-pulling featured less motoric and temporal complexity than real string-pulling. These findings are relevant to the contemporary theory of action and perception that the dorsal stream (parietal cortex) is related to Actions and the ventral stream (temporal cortex) is related to Perception.

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The mouth matters most: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of how dogs perceive inanimate objects

Prichard

Chhibber

Athanassiades

et al. 2021

J of Comparative Neurology

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The perception and representation of objects in the world are foundational to all animals. The relative importance of objects' physical properties versus how the objects are interacted with continues to be debated. Neural evidence in humans and nonhuman primates suggests animate-inanimate and face-body dimensions of objects are represented in the temporal cortex. However, because primates have opposable thumbs and interact with objects in similar ways, the question remains as to whether this similarity represents the evolution of a common cognitive process or whether it reflects a similarity of physical interaction. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in dogs to test whether the type of interaction affects object processing in an animal that interacts primarily with its mouth. In Study 1, we identified object-processing regions of cortex by having dogs passively view movies of faces and objects. In Study 2, dogs were trained to interact with two new objects with either the mouth or the paw. Then, we measured responsivity in the object regions to the presentation of these objects. Mouth-objects elicited significantly greater activity in object regions than paw-objects. Mouth-objects were also associated with activity in somatosensory cortex, suggesting dogs were anticipating mouthing interactions. These findings suggest that object perception in dogs is affected by how dogs expect to interact with familiar objects.

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Getting a grip on reality: Grasping movements directed to real objects and images rely on dissociable neural representations

Cited by 89 publications

References 56 publications

Dissociating neural activity associated with the subjective phenomenology of monocular stereopsis: an EEG study

Dissociating neural activity associated with the subjective phenomenology of monocular stereopsis: an EEG study

Reach and Grasp Altered in Pantomime String-Pulling: A Test of the Action/Perception Theory in a Bilateral Reaching Task

The mouth matters most: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of how dogs perceive inanimate objects

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