Geochemistry and Origin of Eocene-Oligocene Metalliferous Sediments from the Central Equatorial Pacific: Deep Sea Drilling Project Sites 573 and 574

Jarvis, Ian

doi:10.2973/dsdp.proc.85.124.1985

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The Ce anomaly values of our umber samples (0.13 ± 0.06: avg ± 1 S.D.) are indistinguishable from those of the EPR sediments (0.17 ± 0.01) [ Jarvis , 1985].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Major and trace element geochemistry and Os isotopic composition of metalliferous umbers from the Late Cretaceous Japanese accretionary complex

Kato

Fujinaga

Suzuki

2005

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

114

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[1] Metalliferous umbers and red shales occur as unique products of the Kula-Pacific ridge-forearc collision in the Late Cretaceous Shimanto Supergroup, an accretionary complex in Japan. These umbers are closely associated with greenstones of mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) origin and are regarded as hydrothermal metalliferous precipitates related to MOR-type volcanism. The umbers and red shales were deposited in the trench area where both terrigenous detritus from land and hydrothermal metalliferous particulates from a MOR were supplied simultaneously. Besides a predominance of Fe and Mn, the umbers exhibit remarkable enrichments in P, V, Co, Ni, Zn, Y, Mo, rare earth elements (REEs), and Os relative to continental crustal abundances. The X/Fe (X = Mn, P, V, Co, Ni, Zn, Y, and REEs) ratios and PAASnormalized REE patterns of the umbers are very similar to those of modern hydrothermal plume fallout precipitates deposited on flanks of MOR. This indicates that the umbers preserve primary geochemical signatures of hydrothermal metalliferous sediments that scavenged seawater-derived elements and thus can be used as a proxy for Late Cretaceous seawater. The marine 187 Os/ 188 Os ratios reconstructed from the late Maastrichtian umbers range from 0.42 to 0.56 and are very consistent with recent data obtained from the Pacific and Atlantic pelagic carbonates that record an abrupt decline from 0.55 to 0.4 during the period between 67.0 Ma and 65.7 Ma.

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“…The Ce anomaly values of our umber samples (0.13 ± 0.06: avg ± 1 S.D.) are indistinguishable from those of the EPR sediments (0.17 ± 0.01) [ Jarvis , 1985].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data sources are the same as those in Figure 7. REE data on the EPR metalliferous sediment are from Jarvis [1985]. PAAS data are from Taylor and McLennan [1985].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major and trace element geochemistry and Os isotopic composition of metalliferous umbers from the Late Cretaceous Japanese accretionary complex

Kato

Fujinaga

Suzuki

2005

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

114

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“…Sample preparation methods are described elsewhere (Jarvis 1992;Totland et al 1992). Briefly, unwashed samples were dried at 105~ for 24 h, ground by hand in an agate mortar and pestle, and homogenized.…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution chemostratigraphy of Quaternary distal turbidites: a case study of new methods for the analysis and correlation of barren sequences

Pearce¹,

Jarvis

1995

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The late Quaternary distal turbidites of the NE Atlantic Madeira Abyssal Plain (MAP), represent one of the most intensely studied sequences in the modern deep ocean. More than 160 sediment cores have been recovered from the 68 x 10 3 km 2 of the plain, and existing litho-and biostratigraphies, when integrated with oxygen stable-isotope data for other areas of the NE Atlantic, provide a tight spatial and temporal framework. We have used the MAP as a test-bed to assess the applications of inorganic geochemistry as a sedimentological and stratigraphic tool. Data for 22 major and trace elements were obtained in over 500 samples taken from representative cores. Chemostratigraphic sequences are highly uniform across the plain, and several turbidites have unique geochemical signatures, providing a means of establishing bed-by-bed correlations over distances of > 500km. Cluster and principal component analysis confirm the statistical validity of empirically derived correlations and groupings. Vertical and lateral geochemical trends within beds document the sedimentological evolution of flows, and may be used to establish palaeotransport pathways. Four compositional groups are interpreted as representing derivations from different source areas: (1) the margins of the NW Africa off Morocco; (2) off Western Sahara; (3) the Canary Islands; (4) the Cruiser-Great Meteor East seamount chains. The study amply demonstrates the viability of chemostratigraphy for the correlation and analysis of sedimentary sequences, providing a stratigraphic resolution and reliability which matches or exceeds that obtainable by other techniques.

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“…Sample compositions are listed inTable 4. REE data are whole rock values (method of Jarvis& Jarvis, 1985); stable isotopes (courtesy of Dr C. J. Clayton, unpublished data) are for calcite and are expressed relative to the PDB standard (see…”

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confidence: 99%

Sedimentology, geochemistry and origin of phosphatic chalks: the Upper Cretaceous deposits of NW Europe

Jarvis

1992

Sedimentology

100

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Santonian‐Lower Campanian and Lower Maastrichtian phosphatic chalks in northern France, southern England and Belgium are Europe's largest sedimentary phosphatc deposits. The stratigraphy, sediment‐ology, petrography, mineralogy and geochemistry of the lithofacies are reviewed and new data presented. Depositional and diagenetic models for phosphatic chalk deposits are developed using published experimental work and from observations of modern high‐ and low‐productivity phosphogenic systems. It is concluded that phosphatic chalks were deposited in well‐oxygenated, current‐swept environments. Phosphatization required a delicate balance to be maintained between moderate organic carbon and carbonate sedimentation rates, reduced bulk sediment accumulation rate and an enhanced rate of bioturbation. Precipitation of carbonate‐fluorapatite (francolite) accompanied the bacterially mediated decomposition of organic matter, occurring within centimetres of the sediment‐seawater interface, and taking place preferentially within microbial bodies and coatings. In addition to the organically derived component, pore water phosphate levels were enhanced by phosphate absorbed on ferric oxyhydroxides which was liberated during iron reduction. Mineralization was probably a dominantly post‐oxic process, but occurred in a thick sediment mixed layer in which marine organic matter was undergoing intense mixed aerobic and anaerobic microbial degradation. Phosphogenesis occurred predominantly on the NE margins of the Anglo‐Paris Basin where shallower sea floors and suitable palaeoceanographic conditions prevailed. Phosphogenic episodes were limited by sea level fluctuations'which controlled the effectiveness of the erosional currents that formed and maintained the phosphatic basins and may have stimulated local productivity.

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Geochemistry and Origin of Eocene-Oligocene Metalliferous Sediments from the Central Equatorial Pacific: Deep Sea Drilling Project Sites 573 and 574

Cited by 21 publications

References 75 publications

Major and trace element geochemistry and Os isotopic composition of metalliferous umbers from the Late Cretaceous Japanese accretionary complex

Major and trace element geochemistry and Os isotopic composition of metalliferous umbers from the Late Cretaceous Japanese accretionary complex

High-resolution chemostratigraphy of Quaternary distal turbidites: a case study of new methods for the analysis and correlation of barren sequences

Sedimentology, geochemistry and origin of phosphatic chalks: the Upper Cretaceous deposits of NW Europe

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