Genotypic variation in induced resistance and induced susceptibility in the peach‐Myzus persicae aphid system

Abstract

L. 2006. Genotypic variation in induced resistance and induced susceptibility in the peach Á/ Myzus persicae aphid system. Á/ Oikos 113: 305 Á/313.In response to herbivore damage or stress, plants may express physiological or morphological changes known as induced responses. We tested whether previous herbivory by the aphid Myzus persicae differentially altered the expression of resistance and susceptibility among five genotypes of peach that differ in their resistance phenotype (avoidance resistance, antibiosis resistance or susceptibility). We measured behavioural and performance parameters of aphid success on plants previously infested by conspecifics as compared to uninfested controls. Significant variation was found both among genotypes and among resistance phenotype, including between genotypes showing a same resistance phenotype. Genotypes with avoidance resistance showed either induced resistance to aphid settling or no response. Genotypes with antibiosis resistance showed induced susceptibility to aphid settling, but the effects of previous herbivory on aphid development were either positive or negative depending on the genotype. In the susceptible genotype, most parameters of aphid settlement and performance, including reproduction, were positively influenced by previous herbivory. Using electronic recording, the aphid probing behaviour was examined to tentatively identify host plant tissues most likely to play a role in induced defenses. Probing behaviour was significantly affected by plant genotype, previous herbivory, and their interaction, indicating complex relations between the two factors. In the genotypes with avoidance resistance, aphids were deterred before they reach the phloem. In the genotypes expressing susceptibility or antibiosis resistance, previous herbivory triggered instead the induction of a phloem-mediated response, that however diverged depending on the resistance status (facilitation or reduction of phloem sap uptake respectively). Genotypic variation in induction found in the peach Á/M. persicae system establishes a useful framework to improve our knowledge of the ecological role of induced plant responses to aphids.

Determining the duration of Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae) induced susceptibility effect in soybean

“…Initial Acyrthosiphum pisum Harris (Hemiptera: Aphididae) feeding led to improved suitability of Vicia faba (Fabales: Fabaceae) for subsequent A. pisum populations (Takemoto et al 2013). Similar results have been observed regarding Myzus periscae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Prunus persica (Rosales: Rosaceae) (Sauge et al 2006). At least six other aphid species are recognized as inducing susceptibility in their host plants (Karban and Baldwin 1997).…”

Local and systemic responses induced by aphids in Solanum tuberosum plants

“…Another phloem-feeding insect, the silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii , induced PR protein accumulation in collard and tomato plants, which negatively affected the colonization process of conspecific and heterospecific competitors (Mayer et al, 2002). Conversely, previous infestation by Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae) carried out on three different peach cultivars led to an improvement of conspecific performance (Sauge et al, 2002(Sauge et al, , 2006.…”

Mapping Rm2 gene conferring resistance to the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer) in the peach cultivar “Rubira®”

“…Some studies were performed on this topic at the INRA Bordeaux, France (Massonié et al 1982; Monet and Massonié 1994;Kfoury and Massonié 1995). Additional studies were carried out on the probing and settling behaviors of the GPA on selected cultivars at the INRA Avignon (Sauge et al 1998a(Sauge et al , b, 2002(Sauge et al , 2006. Five resistant genotypes were identified among which two peach cultivars, "Weeping Flower Peach" (S2678) and Rubira® (S2605), showing strong antixenosis resistance (Massonié et al 1982;Monet and Massonié 1994).…”