Genotype environment interaction and yield stability of Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) genotypes

Abstract

Lack of suitable varieties that exhibit stable yield performances across wide ranges of environments is the major factor among several production constraints contributing to low productivity of Arabica coffee in Ethiopia. Eleven advanced Limmu coffee genotypes were evaluated in eight environments (four locations over two years) to determine the existence of GEI and yield stability performances. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design of two replications under all locations. Combined analysis of variance showed a highly significant effect of genotype by environment interaction indicating the differential yield response of genotypes across different environments. The major proportion of the variation explained by environments was 42.74% of the total variation. Nevertheless, the contribution of the genotypes to the total variance was much smaller than the environments, and the genotype by environment interaction. Different stability models such as additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI), AMMI stability value, cultivar superiority index and yield stability index were used for stability analysis. The first two Interaction Principal Component Axis (IPCAs) of AMMI exhibited a highly significant effect and cumulatively contributed about 63.21% of the total interaction sum of squares. Two high yielding genotypes, namely (L52/2001) and (L55/2001), on average, showed stable performance across environments. On the other hand, the study also illustrated the presence of location specific high yielding coffee genotype such as L56/2001. Regarding the test environments, Gera 2015/16 (E5) is considered as a more stable site over the rest environments, while Agaro 2015/16 (E7) was considered to be the most interactive environment. Based on the result of the study, coffee breeders or farmers would be recommended for wise selecting either for location specific or wider adaptable coffee genotypes leading to substantial yield increase under Limmu coffee growing areas.

Genotype × Environment Interaction Studies of Promising Teppi Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Genotypes in Southwestern Ethiopia

“…On the other hand, the genotypes Geisha, 3/82, 42/82, 39/82, and 37/82 were far from AEC (long vector) indicating their least constancy (Figure 3). ese results are in accordance with the report of Lemi and Afework [11,21] on Limmu and Ilu Abbabora coffee genotypes, respectively. ey found the ideal genotypes by using this mean performance and yield stability measuring parameters.…”

“…It shows that experimental site is more desirable and discriminating when situated closer to the origin of concentric circle or to an ideal environment. is result is related to the findings of Lemi and Afework [11,21] that they identified an ideal genotypes and environments as well as undesirable genotypes by using ranking genotypes and environment method.…”

“…is indicates that different genotypes react differently to a particular environment. Similarly, different researchers [10,11,21] reported that different coffee genotypes responded differently to diverse agroecology of southwestern Ethiopia.…”

“…It had also been observed that no environments fell into sectors where genotypes 37/82, 42/82, and 39/82 were the vertex genotypes, indicating that these genotypes were not adapted in any of the test environments. Some authors also reported related findings in the country; Lemi [21] identified four different C. arabica growing mega-environments and Afework [11] identified four different C. arabica growing mega-environments.…”

Adaptability and stability of Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner genotypes in the Western Amazon

“…(2008) in their evaluation of 40 Conilon coffee genotypes in lowaltitude environments in southeast Brazil. Different lineages of Coffea arabica also showed changes in their relative performance in different environments on the African continent (DEMISSIE et al, 2011;BEKSISA et al, 2018).…”