Genotype by environment interactions in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) grown in the Iberian Peninsula

Abstract

The aim of this work was to determine the variance components and genetic and environmental stability of 12 cowpea genotypes at three locations (South-east of Spain: Cartagena, South and North of Portugal: Elvas and Vila Real, respectively) in the Iberian Peninsula in two consecutive years (2015 and 2016). The genotype, the environment and the genotype × environment interaction significantly influenced all the morphological and agronomical parameters evaluated. For both years, the highest yields were observed at Elvas, whereas Cartagena and Vila real were the most suitable places to obtain crop precocity. Cartagena was the place where the filling of the seed was the fastest, probably due to the higher temperatures and radiation. The thermal time model (effective degree-days) could be used to predict the period of cowpea development, therefore predict flowering and pod maturity date. Correlation analysis showed that days to flowering, days to maturity and the seed yield vs protein content exhibited negative correlations. The highest heritability was found for plant height and pod length at Cartagena and for 100-seed weight at Elvas and Vila Real. In conclusion, the variations that exist in the studied accessions could give rise to a breeding program to develop cowpea cultivars with interesting agronomic traits.

State and Progress of Andean Lupin Cultivation in Europe: A Review

“…The number of days from sowing to the initiation of the different developmental stages of L. mutabilis has also been shown to vary among accessions, while day length and temperature effects were possibly responsible for this variation [64], as in other lupin species [210,211]. Determination of thermal and/or photoperiod requirements of selected L. mutabilis accessions would probably be a more helpful method in selecting Andean lupin accessions, as in other legume crops [212][213][214] and lupin species [61,70,215,216] under Mediterranean climate conditions.…”

Warm Season Grain Legume Landraces From the South of Europe for Germplasm Conservation and Genetic Improvement

“…The evolution of beans and cowpea in the South of Europe by their adaptation to the ecophysiological regional conditions has involved changes in landraces. In a study that included 10 cowpea landraces from the South of Europe (five from Portugal, three from Spain, and two from Greece) cultivated in three different locations for 2 years, Martos-Fuentes et al (2017) displayed the existence of significant interactions among genotypes, locations and years, that is relevant in breeding for important agro-morpho-physiological traits.…”

“…For instance, Portugal has presently one cowpea cultivar (“Fradel”) registered at the National Catalog for commercial use ( CNV, 2017 ) although many varieties are available commercially. Cowpea cultivation is mostly based on landraces and scientific studies have been carried out to assess breeding potentialities of local germplasm ( Negri et al, 2000 , 2001 ; Lazaridi et al, 2016 , 2017 ; Carvalho et al, 2017a , b ; Karapanos et al, 2017 ; Martos-Fuentes et al, 2017 ). The characterization of fresh pod traits in thirty-one cowpea landraces from Portugal, Spain and Greece revealed promising variation for production ( Lazaridi et al, 2017 ).…”

Viability of sous vide, microwave and high pressure processing techniques on quality changes during shelf life of fresh cowpea puree

“…Cowpea consumption has been associated to prevention of diverse metabolic diseases and carcinogenic pathologies (Xu and Chang, 2012). Among landraces, a Spanish cowpea landrace (BGE038474) has been previously studied and characterized for its agronomic and nutritional parameters (Collado et al., 2018; Martos-Fuentes et al., 2017), showing a great potential for commercial utilization due to its high yield and short pods, besides the high content of phenolic compounds, which makes it appropriate for ‘ready-to-eat’ products. Accordingly, a ‘ready-to-eat’ cowpea puree, developed with immature cowpea seeds, would be an option to increase legume consumption.…”