Genotoxicity assessment in iron deficiency anemia patients using sister chromatid exchanges and chromosomal aberrations assays

Khabour, Omar F.; Soudah, Ola; Aaysh, Mahmoud H.

doi:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.09.006

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…If overproduction of theses radicals occurs, oxidative damage could lead to radiation-induced cytotoxicity; and MNi expression (HALLIWELL, 2002).So, determination of micronucleated cells and chromosome aberrations frequencies has a valuable role in monitoring populations exposed to natural or synthetic mutagenic agents (SILVA et al, 2016). Khabour et al (2013) suggested that various vitamin E isoforms, including gamma tocotrienol, protect against cytogenetic damage in humans. A commercially available, tocotrienol-rich vitamin E derivative decreases sister chromatid exchanges in elderly human subjects (CHIN et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioprotective role of α-tocotrienol against oxidative damage in γ-irradiated human blood cultures

Ahmed¹,

Montaser²,

Mohamed³

et al. 2018

Biosci. J.

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Tocotrienols are members of the natural vitamin E family which is considered one of important fat soluble vitamins. The tocotrienols react with free radicals, which are the main cause of oxidation damage to cell membranes, without formation of other free radicals in the process. All natural forms of tocotrienols have the ability to regulate peroxidation reactions and to control free radicals production within the body. This study aimed to assess the antimutagenic and antioxidant ability of α-tocotrienol at a working dose (0.04 mg/ ml) through cytogenetic (Micronucleus test) study and biochemical analysis including Caspase-3, Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) activities and Nitric Oxide (NO) concentration in γ-irradiated human blood cultures. The treatment time was 72 hrs post-irradiation with gamma rays at dose of 3 Gy. Triple blood cultures for each blood sample were set up. Ionizing irradiation induces a significant increase in micronuclei (MNi) frequencies, and nucleuplasmic bridge (N bridge) accompanied by a significant rise in Caspase-3 activity and NO concentration. Furthermore, SOD and CAT activities showed significant decrease. αtocotrienol treatment results into a decrease of MNi and N bridges numbers, enhancement of SOD and CAT activities and improvement of both NO and Caspase-3 levels, compared to irradiated cells which not treated with α-tocotrienol. The present results reveal the antimutagenic and the anti-oxidant effects of α-tocotrienol against γ-irradiation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioprotective role of α-tocotrienol against oxidative damage in γ-irradiated human blood cultures

Ahmed¹,

Montaser²,

Mohamed³

et al. 2018

Biosci. J.

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“…Regardless of the specific mechanisms involved, data suggest that various vitamin E isoforms, including GT3, protect against cytogenetic damage in humans. For example, α-tocopherol decreases the frequency of chromatid-type breaks and sister chromatid exchanges in lymphocytes from people with Fanconi anemia ( 35 , 36 ). Similarly, α-tocopherol decreases the accumulation of CAs during G 2 phase in Down’s syndrome patients ( 37 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Vitamin E Analog Gamma-Tocotrienol (GT3) Suppresses Radiation-Induced Cytogenetic Damage

Pathak

Bachri

Ghosh³

et al. 2016

Pharm Res

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PurposeIonizing radiation (IR) generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which cause DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) that are responsible for cytogenetic alterations. Because antioxidants are potent ROS scavengers, we determined whether the vitamin E isoform γ-tocotrienol (GT3), a radio-protective multifunctional dietary antioxidant, can suppress IR-induced cytogenetic damage.MethodsWe measured DSB formation in irradiated primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by quantifying the formation of γ-H2AX foci. Chromosomal aberrations (CAs) were analyzed in irradiated HUVECs and in the bone marrow cells of irradiated mice by conventional and fluorescence-based chromosome painting techniques. Gene expression was measured in HUVECs with quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).ResultsGT3 pretreatment reduced DSB formation in HUVECS, and also decreased CAs in HUVECs and mouse bone marrow cells after irradiation. Moreover, GT3 increased expression of the DNA-repair gene RAD50 and attenuated radiation-induced RAD50 suppression.ConclusionsGT3 attenuates radiation-induced cytogenetic damage, possibly by affecting RAD50 expression. GT3 should be explored as a therapeutic to reduce the risk of developing genetic diseases after radiation exposure.

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“…In the last 2 h of incubation, colchicine was added to arrest cultures in the metaphase stage. 24 Harvesting process involved exposure to hypotonic solution (0.075 M KCL, 20 min), cell fixation using methanol/acetic acid (ratio: 3/1) and dropping of cells onto microscopic slides. 25 Sister-chromatid exchange were visualized using florescent-plus-Gimsa procedure.…”

Section: Sister-chromatid Exchange Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity of Glyphosate on Cultured Human Lymphocytes

et al. 2022

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Glyphosate-based herbicides are the most used herbicides in the world. Despite being widely used, a dispute exists whether glyphosate-based herbicides have a negative effect on human health, particularly genotoxic effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate glyphosate genotoxicity on cultured human lymphocytes. Cultured human lymphocytes were treated with different concentrations of glyphosate (20, 40, and 200 µmol/L). Four toxicity measures were examined: frequency of chromosomal aberrations (CAs), frequency of sister-chromatid exchange (SCE), production of 8-OHdG, and cell kinetics analysis. The results show that glyphosate induced significant ( P < 0.05) increases in the levels of SCE at the highest used concentration (200 μmol/L). However, no significant elevation in SCE levels was observed at the lower examined concentrations (20 and 40 μmol/L). No significant changes in CA were detected at all examined concentrations ( P = 0.86). Also, glyphosate did not induce changes to the normal level of 8-OHdG at all examined concentrations ( P = 0.98). Last, no significant changes in either mitotic index or proliferative index were observed at any examined concentrations ( P > 0.05). The results collectively indicate a lack of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of glyphosate in cultured human lymphocytes when dealing with environmentally relevant concentrations (20 and 40 μmol/L). However, being exposed to higher concentrations (200 μmol/L) led to slightly higher level of SCE. Therefore, we recommend cautionary measures when dealing with glyphosate-based herbicides for individuals, such as farmers, who may be extensively exposed to high concentrations of these herbicides.

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Genotoxicity assessment in iron deficiency anemia patients using sister chromatid exchanges and chromosomal aberrations assays

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

Radioprotective role of α-tocotrienol against oxidative damage in γ-irradiated human blood cultures

Radioprotective role of α-tocotrienol against oxidative damage in γ-irradiated human blood cultures

The Vitamin E Analog Gamma-Tocotrienol (GT3) Suppresses Radiation-Induced Cytogenetic Damage

Genotoxicity of Glyphosate on Cultured Human Lymphocytes

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