Genomic insights into the emergence and spread of international clones of healthcare-, community- and livestock-associated meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus : Blurring of the traditional definitions

Bal, Abhijit M.; Coombs, Geoffrey W.; Holden, Matthew T. G.; Lindsay, Jodi A.; Nimmo, Graeme R.; Tattevin, Pierre; Skov, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.jgar.2016.04.004

Cited by 120 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…There have been several reports of MRSA colonization and/or infections in dairy cattle since the first report of MRSA in mastitis in 1972 (Devriese et al, 1972; Monecke et al, 2007; Fessler et al, 2010; Huber et al, 2010). LA-SA ST398 was originally reported to have emerged in the Netherlands among pigs and pig farmers in 2003 (Voss et al, 2005), and was later found in Austria, Germany, and Denmark (Van Cleef et al, 2011; Bal et al, 2016). It developed into an overwhelmingly dominant lineage in Europe and North America (Vanderhaeghen et al, 2010; Cuny et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Causing Bovine Mastitis between 2014 and 2015

Lü

Wang

et al. 2017

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

126

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Staphylococcus aureus is highly pathogenic and can cause diseases in both humans and domestic animals. In animal species, including ruminants, S. aureus may cause severe or sub-clinical mastitis. This study aimed to investigate the molecular profile, antimicrobial resistance, and genotype/phenotype correlation of 212 S. aureus isolates recovered from cases of bovine mastitis from 2014 to 2015 in the Shanghai and Zhejiang areas of China. Nineteen sequence types (STs) were determined by multi-locus sequence typing, while the dominant ST was ST97, followed by ST520, ST188, ST398, ST7, and ST9. Within 14 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates and 198 methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates, ST97 was the predominant MSSA clone and ST9-MRSA-SCCmecXII-spa t899 was the most common MRSA clone. The MRSA strains showed much higher rates of resistance to multiple antibiotics than did MSSA strains. Compared with other MSSA strains, MSSA ST398 was more resistant to clindamycin, erythromycin, and ciprofloxacin. No isolates were resistant to vancomycin, teicoplanin, or linezolid. The molecular profiles of the virulence genes varied in different strains. ST520 strains carried seg-sei-sem-sen-seo genes, and ST9 and ST97 harbored sdrD-sdrE genes. Virulence phenotype analysis showed diversity in different clones. Biofilm formation ability was significantly enhanced in ST188 and ST7, and red blood cell lysis capacity was relatively strong in all S. aureus strains of animal origin except ST7. Our results indicate that MSSA was the predominant S. aureus strain causing bovine mastitis in eastern regions of China. However, the presence of multidrug resistant and toxigenic MRSA clone ST9 suggests that comprehensive surveillance of S. aureus infection should be implemented in the management of animal husbandry products.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Causing Bovine Mastitis between 2014 and 2015

Lü

Wang

et al. 2017

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

126

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“…LA-MRSA was irst detected in milk with bovine mastitis from Belgium in 1972 [11][12][13]. Thereafter, MRSA reports in various food and companion animals, such as pigs, catle, chickens, dogs, cats, and horses, have increased [11,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Food- Producing and Companion Animals and Food Products

Chon¹,

Sung²,

Khan³

2017

Frontiers in Staphylococcus Aureus

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a growing concern in companion and food-producing animals. The presence of multidrug-resistance with a wide range of extracellular enterotoxin genes, virulence factors, and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (pvl) cytotoxin genes confer life-threatening traits on MRSA and makes them highly pathogenic and diicult to treat. Clonal complex 398 (CC398), a predominant clonal lineage of livestock-associated-MRSA in domestic animals and retail meat, is capable of infecting humans. In order to monitor and prevent MRSA contamination, it is critical to understand its source and transmission dynamics. In this review, we describe MRSA in food-producing animals (pig, catle, chicken), horses, pet animals (dogs, cats), and food products (pork, beef, chicken, milk, and ish).

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“…n recent decades, the overall incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections has greatly increased due to the emergence of community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA), which are increasingly displacing hospitalassociated-MRSA (HA-MRSA) strains in health care settings (1). Methicillin resistance is mediated by the mecA-encoded low-affinity penicillin binding protein 2a carried on the mobile staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec element (SCCmec).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tandem Amplification of the Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec Element Can Drive High-Level Methicillin Resistance in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Gallagher

Coughlan

Black

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Hospital-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains typically express high-level, homogeneous (HoR) ␤-lactam resistance, whereas community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) more commonly express low-level heterogeneous (HeR) resistance. Expression of the HoR phenotype typically requires both increased expression of the mecA gene, carried on the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec element (SCCmec), and additional mutational event(s) elsewhere on the chromosome. Here the oxacillin concentration in a chemostat culture of the CA-MRSA strain USA300 was increased from 8 g/ml to 130 g/ml over 13 days to isolate highly oxacillin-resistant derivatives. A stable, small-colony variant, designated HoR34, which had become established in the chemostat culture was found to have acquired mutations in gdpP, clpX, guaA, and camS. Closer inspection of the genome sequence data further revealed that reads covering SCCmec were ϳ10 times overrepresented compared to other parts of the chromosome. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) confirmed Ͼ10-fold-higher levels of mecA DNA on the HoR34 chromosome, and MinION genome sequencing verified the presence of 10 tandem repeats of the SCCmec element. qPCR further demonstrated that subculture of HoR34 in various concentrations of oxacillin (0 to 100 g/ml) was accompanied by accordion-like contraction and amplification of the SCCmec element. Although slower growing than strain USA300, HoR34 outcompeted the parent strain in the presence of subinhibitory oxacillin. These data identify tandem amplification of the SCCmec element as a new mechanism of high-level methicillin resistance in MRSA, which may provide a competitive advantage for MRSA under antibiotic selection.

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Genomic insights into the emergence and spread of international clones of healthcare-, community- and livestock-associated meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus : Blurring of the traditional definitions

Cited by 120 publications

References 72 publications

Molecular Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Causing Bovine Mastitis between 2014 and 2015

Molecular Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Causing Bovine Mastitis between 2014 and 2015

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Food- Producing and Companion Animals and Food Products

Tandem Amplification of the Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec Element Can Drive High-Level Methicillin Resistance in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

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