Genomic ancestry, diet and microbiomes of Upper Palaeolithic hunter-gatherers from San Teodoro cave (Sicily, Italy)

Scorrano, Gabriele; Nielsen, Sofie Holtsmark; Vetro, Domenico Lo; Mackie, Meaghan; Fotakis, Anna K.; Martínez-Labarga, Cristina; Fabbri, Pier Francesco; Allentoft, Morten E.; Carra, Marialetizia; Martini, Fabio; Rickards, Olga; Olsen, Jesper V.; Cappellini, Enrico; Sikora, Martin

doi:10.1101/2021.12.08.471745

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Dental calculus has revealed a great deal regarding pathology and diet of ancient hunter-gatherers. A combined genomic and proteomic analysis on the oral microbiome composiGon of two Palaeolithic hunter-gatherer individuals from San Teodoro cave in Italy showed a diet of rich animal proteins (Scorrano et al 2021). This mulG-omics approach also allowed for idenGficaGon of bacterial composiGon in both individuals, such as Ac8nomyces, Streptococcus, and Propionibacterium, which are commonly linked with the modern oral microbiome (Scorrano et al 2021).…”

Section: Masticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A combined genomic and proteomic analysis on the oral microbiome composiGon of two Palaeolithic hunter-gatherer individuals from San Teodoro cave in Italy showed a diet of rich animal proteins (Scorrano et al 2021). This mulG-omics approach also allowed for idenGficaGon of bacterial composiGon in both individuals, such as Ac8nomyces, Streptococcus, and Propionibacterium, which are commonly linked with the modern oral microbiome (Scorrano et al 2021). Other studies have idenGfied different diets between disGnct gatherer groups via dental calculus through the analysis of shotgun sequencing data (Weyrich et al 2017).…”

Section: Masticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inferring diet, disease, and antibiotic resistance from the ancient oral microbiome

Dahlquist-Axe,

Standeven,

Speller

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The interaction between a host and its microbiome is an area of intense study. For the human host, it is known that the various body site-associated microbiomes impact heavily on health and disease states. For instance, the oral microbiome is a source of various pathogens and potential antibiotic resistance gene pools. The effect of historical changes to the human host and environment to the associated microbiome, however, is less explored. In this review, we characterize several historic and prehistoric events which are considered to have impacted the oral environment and therefore the bacterial communities residing within. The link between evolutionary changes to the oral microbiota and the significant societal and behavioral changes occurring during the pre-Neolithic, Agricultural Revolution, Industrial Revolution, and Antibiotic Era is explored. While previous studies suggest the functional profile of these communities may have shifted over the centuries, there is currently a gap in knowledge that needs to be filled. Biomolecular archaeological evidence of innate antimicrobial resistance within the oral microbiome shows an increase in the abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes since the advent and widespread use of antibiotics in the modern era. Nevertheless, a lack of research into the prevalence and evolution of antimicrobial resistance within the oral microbiome throughout history hinders our ability to combat antimicrobial resistance in the modern era.

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Section: Masticsmentioning

confidence: 99%