Genomic Analysis of Spontaneous Abortion in Holstein Heifers and Primiparous Cows

Oliver, Kayleen F; Wahl, Alexandria M; Dick, Mataya; Toenges, Jewel A; Kiser, J. N.; Galliou, Justine M; Moraes, J.G.N.; Burns, Gregory W.; Dalton, J.C.; Spencer, Thomas E.; Neibergs, Holly L.

doi:10.3390/genes10120954

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 100 publications

(123 reference statements)

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“…The additive genomic variance observed in this study was greater than previously reported by others for abortion and/or embryo loss [ 23 , 35 , 36 ], which explained more than 12% of the variability in abortion incidence. The heritability estimates for abortion were similar to those reported in previous studies [ 22 , 23 , 35 , 37 ], although they were lower than the estimates reported by Bamber et al [ 38 ] and Sigdel et al [ 22 ] (multiparous cows only). Even though these studies, including this one, have used different approaches to evaluate genomic markers of abortion risk, the fact that heritability and additive genetic variance are greater than 0 supports the hypothesis that it is feasible to select toward reduced abortion risk based on genomic evaluations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Interestingly, there was a positive genetic correlation between Z_Abort and Z_Calf Livability. Previous studies have suggested that markers for abortion are related to genes governing the development of the placenta and fetal immune system, among other functions [ 22 , 37 ]. Therefore, it is possible that cows with high risks of abortions will give birth to calves that have compromised in utero development and with a greater risk of early death or disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic Prediction for Abortion in Lactating Holstein Dairy Cows

Wijma

Weigel

Vukasinovic

et al. 2022

Animals

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Abortion in dairy cattle causes great economic losses due to reduced animal health, increase in culling rates, reduction in calf production, and milk yield, among others. Although the etiology of abortions can be of various origins, previous research has shown a genetic component. The objectives of this study were to (1) describe the development of the genomic prediction for cow abortions in lactating Holstein dairy cattle based on producer-recorded data and ssGBLUP methodology and (2) evaluate the efficacy of genomic predictions for cow abortions in commercial herds of US Holstein cows using data from herds that do not contribute phenotypic information to the evaluation. We hypothesized that cows with greater genomic predictions for cow abortions (Z_Abort STA) would have a reduced incidence of abortion. Phenotypic data on abortions, pedigree, and genotypes were collected directly from commercial dairy producers upon obtaining their permission. Abortion was defined as the loss of a confirmed pregnancy after 42 and prior to 260 days of gestation, treated as a binary outcome (0, 1), and analyzed using a threshold model. Data from a different subset of animals were used to test the efficacy of the prediction. The additive genetic variance for the cow abortion trait (Z_Abort) was 0.1235 and heritability was 0.0773. For all animals with genotypes (n = 1,662,251), mean reliability was 42%, and genomic predicted transmitting abilities (gPTAs) ranged from −8.8 to 12.4. Z_Abort had a positive correlation with cow and calf health traits and reproductive traits, and a negative correlation with production traits. Z_Abort effectively identified cows with a greater or lesser risk of abortion (16.6% vs. 11.0% for the worst and best genomics groups, respectively; p < 0.0001). The inclusion of cow abortion genomic predictions in a multi-trait selection index would allow dairy producers and consultants to reduce the incidence of abortion and to select high-producing, healthier, and more profitable cows.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Prediction for Abortion in Lactating Holstein Dairy Cows

Wijma

Weigel

Vukasinovic

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…The enrichment scores were then normalized (NES) to account for the number of genes within the gene set. Enriched gene sets for HCR1 were defined as those with NES ≥ 3.0, which is comparable to previous fertility studies [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Regions of the Genome Associated with Conception Rate to the First Service in Holstein Heifers Bred by Artificial Insemination and as Embryo Transfer Recipients

Kelson,

Kiser,

Davenport

et al. 2024

Genes

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Heifer conception rate to the first service (HCR1) is defined as the number of heifers that become pregnant to the first breeding service compared to the heifers bred. This study aimed to identify loci associated and gene sets enriched for HCR1 for heifers that were bred by artificial insemination (AI, n = 2829) or were embryo transfer (ET, n = 2086) recipients, by completing a genome-wide association analysis and gene set enrichment analysis using SNP data (GSEA-SNP). Three unique loci, containing four positional candidate genes, were associated (p < 1 × 10−5) with HCR1 for ET recipients, while the GSEA-SNP identified four gene sets (NES ≥ 3) and sixty-two leading edge genes (LEGs) enriched for HCR1. While no loci were associated with HCR1 bred by AI, one gene set and twelve LEGs were enriched (NES ≥ 3) for HCR1 with the GSEA-SNP. This included one gene (PKD2) shared between HCR1 AI and ET services. Identifying loci associated or enriched for HCR1 provides an opportunity to use them as genomic selection tools to facilitate the selection of cattle with higher reproductive efficiency, and to better understand embryonic loss.

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“…Non-infectious factors that cause abortion include metabolic disorders, hormonal disorders, trauma, heat stress, and nutritional deficiencies (Michael 1993). Foot-and-mouth viral infections (Ranjan et al 2016) and genetic disorders have also been reported to cause abortion (Oliver et al 2019).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural superfetation idiopathic abortion in Pasundan cattle

Widyastuti,

Setiawan,

Hilmia

et al. 2023

ARSHI vet lett

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Abortion in cows is a condition in which the foetus is unable to survive until it is born. This paper is the first report of a case of superfetated idiopathic abortion from natural mating that occurred in primiparous Pasundan cows. The cows were initially kept in a colony pen system and mixed between young bulls (n=10) and heifers (n = 18) for two weeks after moving the cows from the livestock pen in Ciamis Regency. Pregnancy occurs because of natural mating in heifers without a known age and pregnancy history. Two months later, a primiparous Pasundan cow was observed to show symptoms of vaginal bleeding and straining, accompanied by the expulsion of a small foetus (length ~ 25 cm, foetal age ~ 120 days) several hours later and had previously experienced an abortion with a large foetus (length ~ 36 cm, foetal age ~150 days). Primiparous Pasundan cows that experienced abortion were separated into individual pens to reduce stress and for further observation. The therapy given is antibiotics and multivitamins were administered as therapeutic agents.

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Genomic Analysis of Spontaneous Abortion in Holstein Heifers and Primiparous Cows

Cited by 11 publications

References 100 publications

Genomic Prediction for Abortion in Lactating Holstein Dairy Cows

Genomic Prediction for Abortion in Lactating Holstein Dairy Cows

Identifying Regions of the Genome Associated with Conception Rate to the First Service in Holstein Heifers Bred by Artificial Insemination and as Embryo Transfer Recipients

Natural superfetation idiopathic abortion in Pasundan cattle

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