Genome Size and its Uses: The Impact of Flow Cytometry

Leitch, Ilia J.; Bennett, M. D.

doi:10.1002/9783527610921.ch7

Cited by 94 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…From an evolutionary viewpoint, plant lineages with large genomes also show reduced capacity for fast evolutionary differentiation [11], and are rare in species groups that show adaptive radiation on oceanic islands [20]. Genome size has thus been suggested to be one of the important attributes that constrain plant fitness [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next, we examine these predictions using datasets from a large number of plant species. We take advantage of the fact that the recent advent of fast cytometric techniques has made possible collection of extensive data on many plant species [1,21]. This enabled us to assemble empirical datasets on some of these relationships for quite large numbers of species in order to examine to what degree they conform to theoretical predictions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have limited ourselves to considering diploid plants only. Although polyploidy does increase total DNA content, it introduces a number of different phenomena that do not occur when the base (monoploid) DNA amount increases [1,21]. This is supported by the evidence that the relationship between intraspecific cell size and GS differs between diploids and polyploids [47][48][49][50].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it has been shown that increase in ploidy level does not increase cell cycle duration [8][9][10]. Analysing diploid and recent polyploid species together would thus confound the effects of polyploidy and monoploid DNA amount [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geometrical constraints in the scaling relationships between genome size, cell size and cell cycle length in herbaceous plants

Šímová

Herben

2011

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Plant nuclear genome size (GS) varies over three orders of magnitude and is correlated with cell size and growth rate. We explore whether these relationships can be owing to geometrical scaling constraints. These would produce an isometric GS-cell volume relationship, with the GS-cell diameter relationship with the exponent of 1/3. In the GS-cell division relationship, duration of processes limited by membrane transport would scale at the 1/3 exponent, whereas those limited by metabolism would show no relationship. We tested these predictions by estimating scaling exponents from 11 published datasets on differentiated and meristematic cells in diploid herbaceous plants. We found scaling of GS-cell size to almost perfectly match the prediction. The scaling exponent of the relationship between GS and cell cycle duration did not match the prediction. However, this relationship consists of two components: (i) S phase duration, which depends on GS, and has the predicted 1/3 exponent, and (ii) a GS-independent threshold reflecting the duration of the G1 and G2 phases. The matches we found for the relationships between GS and both cell size and S phase duration are signatures of geometrical scaling. We propose that a similar approach can be used to examine GS effects at tissue and whole plant levels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Geometrical constraints in the scaling relationships between genome size, cell size and cell cycle length in herbaceous plants

Šímová

Herben

2011

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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“…This conspicuous component of heteroploid hybridization ( Manton, 1950 ), while studies of chromosome pairing during meiosis in both natural and artificial hybrids shed some light on species relationships ( Manton and Walker, 1953 ;Walker, 1955Walker, , 1961. In recent years, another cytogenetic character, genome size, has become accessible ( Leitch and Bennett, 2007 ). The knowledge that genome size is usually constant within the same taxonomic entity ( Greilhuber, 2005 ) but may vary tremendously even among closely related taxa ( Bennett and Leitch, 2005 ) provides a foundation for employing genome size as an important taxonomic marker.…”

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confidence: 99%

Species boundaries and frequency of hybridization in the Dryopteris carthusiana (Dryopteridaceae) complex: A taxonomic puzzle resolved using genome size data

Ekrt

Holubova

Trávníček

et al. 2010

American J of Botany

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and 4 Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Pr ů honice 1, CZ-252 43 Pr ů honice, Czech Republic• Premise of the study : Genome duplication and interspecifi c hybridization are important evolutionary processes that significantly infl uence phenotypic variation, ecological behavior, and reproductive biology of land plants. These processes played a major role in the evolution of the Dryopteris carthusiana complex. This taxonomically intricate group composed of one diploid ( D. expansa ) and two allotetraploid ( D. carthusiana and D. dilatata ) species in Central Europe. Overall phenotypic similarity, great plasticity, and the incidence of interspecifi c hybrids have led to a continuous dispute concerning species circumscription and delimitation.• Methods : We used fl ow cytometry and multivariate morphometrics to assess the level of phenotypic variation and the frequency of hybridization in a representative set covering all recognized species and hybrids.• Key results : Flow cytometric measurements revealed unique genome sizes in all species and hybrids, allowing their easy and reliable identifi cation for subsequent morphometric analyses. Different species often formed mixed populations, providing the opportunity for interspecifi c hybridization. Different frequencies of particular hybrid combinations depended primarily on evolutionary relationships, reproductive biology, and co-occurrence of progenitors.• Conclusions : Our study shows that genome size is a powerful marker for taxonomic decisions about the D. carthusiana complex and that genome size data may help to resolve taxonomic complexities in this important component of the temperate fern fl ora.

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Is the evolution of carnivory connected with genome size reduction?

Veleba¹,

Zedek²,

Horová³

et al. 2020

American J of Botany

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As repeatedly shown, the remarkable variation in the genome size of angiosperms can be shaped by extrinsic selective pressures, including nutrient availability. Carnivory has evolved independently in 10 angiosperm clades, but all carnivorous plants share a common affinity to nutrient-poor habitats. As such, carnivory and genome reduction could be responses to the same environmental pressure. Indeed, the smallest genomes among flowering plants are found in the carnivorous family Lentibulariaceae, where a unique mutation in cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is suspected to promote genome miniaturization. Despite these hypotheses, a phylogenetically informed test of genome size and nutrient availability across carnivorous clades has so far been missing. METHODS: Using linear mixed models, we compared genome sizes of 127 carnivorous plants from 7 diverse angiosperm clades with 1072 of their noncarnivorous relatives. We also tested whether genome size in Lentibulariaceae reflects the presence of the COX mutation. RESULTS: The genome sizes of carnivorous plants do not differ significantly from those of their noncarnivorous relatives. Based on available data, no significant association between the COX mutation and genome miniaturization could be confirmed, not even when considering polyploidy. CONCLUSIONS: Carnivory alone does not seem to significantly affect genome size decrease. Plausibly, it might actually counterbalance the effect of nutrient limitation on genome size evolution. The role of the COX mutation in genome miniaturization needs to be evaluated by analysis of a broader data set because current knowledge of its presence across Lentibulariaceae covers less than 10% of the species diversity in this family.

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Genome Size and its Uses: The Impact of Flow Cytometry

Cited by 94 publications

References 94 publications

Geometrical constraints in the scaling relationships between genome size, cell size and cell cycle length in herbaceous plants

Geometrical constraints in the scaling relationships between genome size, cell size and cell cycle length in herbaceous plants

Species boundaries and frequency of hybridization in the Dryopteris carthusiana (Dryopteridaceae) complex: A taxonomic puzzle resolved using genome size data

Is the evolution of carnivory connected with genome size reduction?

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