Genetic variation, inbreeding and chemical exposure—combined effects in wildlife and critical considerations for ecotoxicology

Brown, A. Ross; Hosken, David J.; Balloux, François; Bickley, Lisa K.; LePage, Gareth; Owen, Stewart F.; Hetheridge, Malcolm J.; Tyler, Charles R.

doi:10.1098/rstb.2009.0126

Cited by 79 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 153 publications

(203 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Keanekaragaman genetik merupakan suatu tingkatan biodiversitas yang merujuk pada jumlah total genetik dalam keseluruhan spesies yang mencakup aspek biokimia, struktur, dan sifat organisme yang diturunkan secara fisik dari induknya (Brown et al, 2009). Faktor-faktor yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap keragaman genetika pada suatu populasi adalah seleksi alam, mutasi, genetic drift, dan perkawinan yang tidak acak (Spielman et al, 2004).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Inbreeding pada Populasi Banteng (Bos javanicus d’Alton 1832) di Kebun Binatang Surabaya

Sawitri¹,

Takandjandji²

2016

BPN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inbreeding Population of Banteng (Bos javanicus d'Alton 1832) at Surabaya Zoo. Reny Sawitry and Mariana Takandjandji. Banteng (Bos javanicus d'Alton 1832) is one of wildlife that is maintained in Surabaya Zoo, their mating system happened from a couples, and so overlap from generation to next generation. The purposed of this research was to determine effective population size, genetic diversity, and the change of physical and physiological of the herd. The methods used in this study were analysis DNA mitochondria from hair samples, description of physical and physiological change, and inbreeding coefficient. The results showed that effective populations size of herd in Surabaya Zoo tended to decline from productive age of banteng. Haplotype diversity of herd population was very low, the distance of genetic intra population zerro, and it's genetic diversity was very homogen. This occured caused change in sex ratio of which male dominated the offspring population. Subsequently, the impact of inbreeding was the change of physic and physiology of banteng such as skin colour, sterile and infertile. Inbreeding that happened in Surabaya Zoo affected extinction of third population because of individual number of live sex less than one. The inbreeding coeficient was calculate using of pedigree analysis and inbreeding rate per generation based on the population structure. The calculation result of inbreeding coeficient was 0.42, while the inbreeding rate was 4.3% per generation. Finally, it's needed to supply banteng from nature to fix offsprings and it's genetic diversity.Keywords: Effective population, genetic diversity, inbreeding, physic and physiology. ABSTRAK Banteng (Bos javanicus d'Alton 1832) merupakan salah satu satwa liar yang dipelihara di Kebun Binatang Surabaya (KBS).Sistem perkawinan banteng di lokasi ini dimulai dari bibit tunggal dan overlap antar generasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui keragaman genetika banteng di KBS melalui analisis DNA mitokondria, deskripsi perubahan fisik dan fisiologi banteng, gambaran nilai koefisien dan laju inbreeding per generasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah penghitungan ukuran populasi efektif, deskripsi perubahan fisik dan fisiologi serta koefisien dan laju inbreeding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran populasi efektif banteng cenderung menurun dilihat dari umur produktif. Diversitas haplotipe populasi banteng di KBS sangat rendah, sehingga jarak genetik dalam populasi = 0 dan dapat dikatakan keragaman genetiknya sangat homogen. Rata-rata nilai koefisien inbreeding adalah 0,42 dan laju inbreeding 4,3% per generasi. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari keturunan jantan daripada betina. Perkawinan secara inbreeding penurunan fisik serta fisiologi banteng di KBS, seperti terjadinya kemandulan dan ketidaksuburan. Inbreeding juga mengakibatkan kepunahan pada populasi yang ada karena pada generasi ketiga jumlah individu tiap kelamin yang hidup kurang dari satu. Dengan demikian diperlukan pasokan banteng dari alam untuk memperbaiki keturunan dan keragaman genetik...

show abstract

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Inbreeding pada Populasi Banteng (Bos javanicus d’Alton 1832) di Kebun Binatang Surabaya

Sawitri¹,

Takandjandji²

2016

BPN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Genetic variation among populations of the same species might also incorporate the loss of polymorphisms or allozymes associated with altered drug target sensitivity or increased uptake versus loss rate of environmental chemicals, including pharmaceuticals, in a range of wildlife, humans and model species (reviewed in [71]). This presents a potential challenge for read-across which is based on the (often true) premise that related species react similarly to pharmaceuticals [66], as it appears that certain species can be susceptible to pharmaceuticals, even when closely related taxa are not [9].…”

Section: Pharmaceuticals As Environmental Contaminants Of Concernmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicating the environment: assessing risks of pharmaceuticals to wildlife and ecosystems

Arnold

Brown

Ankley

et al. 2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

Self Cite

355

187

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Global pharmaceutical consumption is rising with the growing and ageing human population and more intensive food production. Recent studies have revealed pharmaceutical residues in a wide range of ecosystems and organisms. Environmental concentrations are often low, but pharmaceuticals typically are designed to have biological effects at low doses, acting on physiological systems that can be evolutionarily conserved across taxa. This Theme Issue introduces the latest research investigating the risks of environmentally relevant concentrations of pharmaceuticals to vertebrate wildlife. We take a holistic, global view of environmental exposure to pharmaceuticals encompassing terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems in high- and low-income countries. Based on both field and laboratory data, the evidence for and relevance of changes to physiology and behaviour, in addition to mortality and reproductive effects, are examined in terms of the population- and community-level consequences of pharmaceutical exposure on wildlife. Studies on uptake, trophic transfer and indirect effects of pharmaceuticals acting via food webs are presented. Given the logistical and ethical complexities of research in this area, several papers focus on techniques for prioritizing which compounds are most likely to harm wildlife and how modelling approaches can make predictions about the bioavailability, metabolism and toxicity of pharmaceuticals in non-target species. This Theme Issue aims to help clarify the uncertainties, highlight opportunities and inform ongoing scientific and policy debates on the impacts of pharmaceuticals in the environment.

show abstract

“…Both abiotic (Brown et al, 2009) and biotic (Schmitt and Ehrhardt, 1990;Botham et al, 2009) factors can contribute to the differential expression of ID across environments. In a review of 34 studies, Armbruster and Reed (2005) found a trend for ID to increase in more stressful environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of age and environment on the expression of inbreeding depression in Eucalyptus globulus

Silva¹,

Hardner

Tilyard

et al. 2011

Heredity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inbreeding adversely affects fitness traits in many plant and animal species, and the magnitude, stability and genetic basis of inbreeding depression (ID) will have short-and longterm evolutionary consequences. The effects of four degrees of inbreeding (selfing, f ¼ 50%; full-and half-sib matings, f ¼ 25 and 12.5%; and unrelated outcrosses, f ¼ 0%) on survival and growth of an island population of Eucalyptus globulus were studied at two sites for over 14 years. For selfs, ID in survival increased over time, reaching a maximum of 49% by age 14 years. However, their inbreeding depression for stem diameter remained relatively stable with age, and ranged from 28 to 36% across years and sites. ID for survival was markedly greater on the more productive site, possibly due to greater and earlier onset of inter-tree competition, but was similar on both sites for the diameter of survivors. The deleterious trait response to increasing inbreeding coefficients was linear for survival and diameter. Nonsignificant quadratic effects suggested that epistasis did not contribute considerably to the observed ID at the population level. Among-and within-family coefficients of variation for diameter increased with inbreeding degree, and the variance among the outcrossed families was significant only on the more productive site. The performance of self-families for diameter was highly stable between sites. This suggests that, for species with mixed mating systems, environmentally stable inbreeding effects in open-pollinated progenies may tend to mask the additive genotype-by-environment interaction for fitness traits and the adaptive response to the environment.

show abstract

Genetic variation, inbreeding and chemical exposure—combined effects in wildlife and critical considerations for ecotoxicology

Cited by 79 publications

References 153 publications

Inbreeding pada Populasi Banteng (Bos javanicus d’Alton 1832) di Kebun Binatang Surabaya

Inbreeding pada Populasi Banteng (Bos javanicus d’Alton 1832) di Kebun Binatang Surabaya

Medicating the environment: assessing risks of pharmaceuticals to wildlife and ecosystems

The effects of age and environment on the expression of inbreeding depression in Eucalyptus globulus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About