Genetic Variation in Insect Vectors: Death of Typology?

Powell, Jeffrey R.

doi:10.3390/insects9040139

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Polymorphic inversions have been shown to be associated with epidemiologically important phenotypes in Afrotropical populations of Anopheles [11][12][13][14]. Understanding the population genetics and mechanisms of taxa diversification is extremally important for species that transmit human diseases [15]. Among other malaria mosquitoes, An.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome and Genome Divergence between the Cryptic Eurasian Malaria Vector-Species Anopheles messeae and Anopheles daciae

Naumenko

Karagodin

Yurchenko

et al. 2020

Genes

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Chromosomal inversions are important drivers of genome evolution. The Eurasian malaria vector Anopheles messeae has five polymorphic inversions. A cryptic species, An. daciae, has been discriminated from An. messeae based on five fixed nucleotide substitutions in the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA. However, the inversion polymorphism in An. daciae and the genome divergence between these species remain unexplored. In this study, we sequenced the ITS2 region and analyzed the inversion frequencies of 289 Anopheles larvae specimens collected from three locations in the Moscow region. Five individual genomes for each of the two species were sequenced. We determined that An. messeae and An. daciae differ from each other by the frequency of polymorphic inversions. Inversion X1 was fixed in An. messeae but polymorphic in An. daciae populations. The genome sequence comparison demonstrated genome-wide divergence between the species, especially pronounced on the inversion-rich X chromosome (mean Fst = 0.331). The frequency of polymorphic autosomal inversions was higher in An. messeae than in An. daciae. We conclude that the X chromosome inversions play an important role in the genomic differentiation between the species. Our study determined that An. messeae and An. daciae are closely related species with incomplete reproductive isolation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome and Genome Divergence between the Cryptic Eurasian Malaria Vector-Species Anopheles messeae and Anopheles daciae

Naumenko

Karagodin

Yurchenko

et al. 2020

Genes

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“…Insect pests are responsible for the loss of up to 20% of the major grain crops in the world with some 42 models predicting that this will increase by 19 -46% driven by a 2 o C rise of the average global 43 surface temperature (Deutsch et al, 2018). The efficacy and sustainability of new smarter control 44 programmes will be contingent on the genetic variation of pest populations (Powell, 2018). This is 45 because genetic variation determines the potential for adaptation and evolution of populations (i.e.…”

Section: Introduction 41mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure at national and regional scale in a long-distance dispersing pest organism, the bird cherry–oat aphidRhopalosiphum padi

Morales‐Hojas

Gonzalez-Uriarte²,

Alvira-Iraizoz

et al. 2019

Preprint

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17Genetic diversity is determinant for pest species' success and vector competence. Understanding the 18 ecological and evolutionary processes that determine the genetic diversity is fundamental to help 19 identify the spatial scale at which pest populations are best managed. In the present study, we 20 present the first comprehensive analysis of the genetic diversity and evolution of Rhopalosiphum 21 padi, a major pest of cereals and a main vector of the barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), in Great 22Britain. We have used a genotype by sequencing approach to study whether i) there is any 23 underlying population genetic structure in this long distant disperser pest at a national and regional 24 scale; ii) the populations evolve as a response to environmental change and selective pressures, and; 25 iii) the populations comprise anholocyclic lineages. Individual R. padi were collected using the 26Rothamsted Insect Survey's suction-trap network at several sites across England between 2004 and 27 2016 as part of the RIS long-term nationwide surveillance. Results identified two genetic clusters in 28Great Britain that mostly paralleled a North -South division, although gene flow is ongoing between 29 the two subpopulations. These different groups do not correspond to sexual and asexual types, 30 sexual reproduction being predominant in Great Britain, and could correspond to ecotypes. Results 31 also show that there is migration with gene flow across Great Britain, although there is a reduction 32 between the northern and southern sites with the Southwestern population being the most 33 genetically differentiated. There is no evidence for isolation-by-distance and other factors like 34 primary host distribution could influence the migration patterns. Finally, results also show no 35 evidence for the evolution of the R. padi population, and it is demographically stable despite the 36 ongoing environmental change. These results are discussed in view of their relevance to pest 37 management and the transmission of BYDV. 38

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“…aegypti and Ae. albopictus, where it helps them occupy diverse niches and respond quickly to evolutionary challenges [26]. Microsatellites are the preferred markers for studying genetic variation in vectors due to their codominance, high informativity, and vast abundance throughout vector genomes [27].…”

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confidence: 99%

Dispersal patterns and population structure of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in three different climatic regions of China

Gao

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background:Aedes albopictus is an indigenous primary vector for Dengue and Zika viruses in China. Compared with its insecticide resistance, biology, and vector competence, little is known about its genetic variation, which corresponds to environmental variations. Thus, the present study examines how Ae. albopictus varies among different climatic regions in China and deciphers its potential dispersal patterns.Methods:The genetic variation and population structure of 17 Ae. albopictus populations collected from three climatic regions of China were investigated with 11 microsatellite loci and the mitochondrial coxI gene.Results:Of 44 isolated microsatellite markers, 11 pairs were chosen for genotyping analysis and had an average PIC value of 0.713, representing high polymorphism. The number of alleles was high in each population, with the ne value increasing from the temperate region (3.876) to the tropical region (4.144). Twenty-five coxI haplotypes were detected, and the highest diversity was observed in the tropical region. The mean Ho value (ca. 0.557) of all the regions was significantly lower than the mean He value (ca. 0.684), with nearly all populations significantly departing from HWE and displaying significant population expansion (p-value < 0.05). Two genetically isolated groups and three haplotype clades were evaluated via STRUCTURE and haplotype phylogenetic analyses, and the tropical populations were significantly isolated from those in the other regions. Most genetic variation in Ae. albopictus was detected within populations and individuals at 31.40% and 63.04%, respectively, via the AMOVA test, and a relatively significant positive correlation was observed among only the temperate populations via IBD analysis (R2 = 0.6614, p = 0.048). Recent dispersions were observed among different Ae. albopictus populations, and four major migration trends with high gene flow (Nm>0.4) were reconstructed between the tropical region and the other two regions. Environmental factors, especially temperature and rainfall, may be the leading causes of genetic diversity in different climatic regions.Conclusions:Continuous dispersion contributes to the genetic communication of Ae. albopictus populations across different climatic regions, and environmental factors, especially temperature and rainfall, may be the leading causes of genetic variation.

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Genetic Variation in Insect Vectors: Death of Typology?

Cited by 27 publications

References 74 publications

Chromosome and Genome Divergence between the Cryptic Eurasian Malaria Vector-Species Anopheles messeae and Anopheles daciae

Chromosome and Genome Divergence between the Cryptic Eurasian Malaria Vector-Species Anopheles messeae and Anopheles daciae

Genetic structure at national and regional scale in a long-distance dispersing pest organism, the bird cherry–oat aphidRhopalosiphum padi

Dispersal patterns and population structure of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in three different climatic regions of China

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