Genetic Resistance to Brucellosis in Swine

Cameron, H. S.; Hughes, E. H.; Gregory, P. W.

doi:10.2527/jas1942.12106x

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Although Husky and Chihuahua dog breeds appeared to be more prone to Brucella infection than other breeds, their infection seems most likely influenced by other factors such as the local dog population or owners than by dog breed [107]. In swine, some breeds such as Duroc and Jersey Red crosses may be less susceptible to experimental challenge with B. suis, suggesting some genetic resistance [108]. Previous studies showed that stray dogs demonstrated a greater than three-fold rate of infection versus non-stray dogs [109].…”

Section: Updates On Brucellosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Brucella spp. in Domestic and Wild Animals

Coelho¹,

Díez²,

Coelho³

2015

Updates on Brucellosis

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Brucella spp. is the aetiological agent of brucellosis, a serious contagious disease that results in reproductive failure and that has profound public health significance because of its zoonotic characteristics. This disease also is responsible for a high economic impact associated with the application of prevention, surveillance and test-andslaughter programmes in animals by national authorities. Brucella spp. infects a large variety of animals and their prevalence is variable worldwide, mainly associated with the presence or absence of control programmes and also with the vaccination of animals against brucellosis. To achieve the control and eradication of brucellosis, the identification of the risk factors of brucellosis that maintain the infection in animals and/or the environment is fundamental. Although several risks have been identified, the most important have been associated with the biology of the bacteria, animal management age, sex, species or breed , herd management herd/flock size, number of species, contact with wild animals or type of animal production , farm management facilities, cleaning and disinfection or veterinary support and farmers' knowledge about the disease. Thus, to benefit from proper risk identification of brucellosis, it is essential to put a cost-effective and efficient brucellosis control programme into place.Keywords: Brucellosis, risk factors, animals, prevalence . IntroductionBrucellosis is a serious contagious disease that results in reproductive failure and has profound public health significance because of its zoonotic characteristics [ ]. In animals, brucellosis can be considered as one of the most economically important zoonosis worldwide, resulting in clinical disease, abortion, neonatal losses, increased calving intervals, reduced fertility, decreased milk production, increased culling rates because of metritis and the emergency slaughtering of infected animals and also an impediment to free animal movement and trade [ -]. However, a high economic impact is associated with the human disease and also by the application of prevention, surveillance and test-and-slaughter programmes in animals by national authorities [ , ].Brucella spp. infects a large variety of animals as described in

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Section: Updates On Brucellosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Brucella spp. in Domestic and Wild Animals

Coelho¹,

Díez²,

Coelho³

2015

Updates on Brucellosis

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“…In domestic livestock, it had been long observed that disease manifestations rarely occur in all members of the population exposed to bacterial pathogens, e.g. early studies of resistance to Salmonella pullorum in poultry [31] and B. suis in swine confirmed a major role for genetic control [32][33][34]. These early observations were largely ignored, because antibiotics were discovered in the late 1920's, vaccines were developed for several animal diseases, and lastly, the genetics of natural disease resistance seemed unduly complicated, and there was concern that planned breeding programs to increase natural resistance would be too slow to have an impact and would compromise productivity.…”

Section: Historical and Biological Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Resistance Against Brucellosis: A Review

Adams¹,

Schutta²

2010

TOVSJ

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Natural resistance against brucellosis was reviewed from historical and biological perspectives with regard to animals, humans and Brucella spp. Unfortunately, brucellosis continues to be a serious worldwide bacterial zoonosis of major significance to animal and human populations. Host genetic, innate and adaptive immune factors significantly influence the outcome of brucellosis as does the enabling strategies of intracellular Brucella to evade host factors resulting in a delicate co-evolutionary balance for long term survival for both host and pathogen. Natural (innate) resistance mechanisms include the complex of host cell surface receptors for Brucella pathogen-associated molecular patterns, Toll-IL-1 receptor mediated pathways, factors mediating effective macrophage and dendritic cell maturation and activation, carbohydrate binding proteins, antimicrobial peptides, and inflammatory cytokines orchestrated and regulated by the host genome. Heritability of natural resistance has long been recognized as a complex multigenic trait, however new tools for understanding the genetic basis for innate resistance are now providing a deeper knowledge to identify genes and polymorphisms associated with resistance or susceptibility. Polymorphisms of the 3'UTR of the candidate solute carrier gene, SLC11A1, have been investigated extensively in numerous host species yielding contradictory variable degrees of association with natural resistance to brucellosis in ruminants, and indicating the need for international standardized phenotyping protocols. By coupling new genetic tools with rigorously controlled phenotyping protocols, it is anticipated that applying genetic selection as an additional approach to controlling infectious diseases, such as brucellosis, in domestic animals will become increasingly feasible in future.

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“…Early selection for disease resistance in swine by using immune response was practiced by Cameron et al (1942). Two weeks after inoculation with live Brucella suis, animals testing positive by agglutination were discarded.…”

Section: Genetic Control Of Immune Response--the Major Histocompatibimentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Control of Immune Responsiveness: A Review of Its use as a Tool for Selection for Disease Resistance1

Warner

Meeker

Rothschild

1987

Journal of Animal Science

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Disease resistance and immune responsiveness have been traits generally ignored by animal breeders. Recent advances in immunology and molecular biology have opened new avenues towards our understanding of genetic control of these traits. The major histocompatibility gene complex (MHC) appears to play a central role in all immune functions and disease resistance. The need to understand the relationship between immune responsiveness, disease resistance and production traits is discussed in this review. Antagonistic relationships might prevent simultaneous improvement of all of these traits by conventional breeding methods. It is suggested that genetic engineering methods may allow the simultaneous improvement of disease resistance and production traits in domestic animals. Genes of the MHC will be especially good candidates for genetic engineering experiments to improve domestic species.

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Genetic Resistance to Brucellosis in Swine

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Risk Factors for Brucella spp. in Domestic and Wild Animals

Risk Factors for Brucella spp. in Domestic and Wild Animals

Natural Resistance Against Brucellosis: A Review

Genetic Control of Immune Responsiveness: A Review of Its use as a Tool for Selection for Disease Resistance1

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