Genetic Methods for Assessing Antimicrobial Resistance

Cockerill, Franklin R.

doi:10.1128/aac.43.2.199

Cited by 121 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Thus, the genotyping is a practical and fast way to have information on resistance profile of Mtb strains (Cockerill, 1999;van Rie et al, 2001). It does not require living cells; moreover, the resistance can be detected directly from the pathological product but it requires exact knowledge of Mtb genes and genomic mutations associated with resistance (Nikolayevsky et al, 2004).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the prescriptions of the appropriate treatment must not be done exclusively on the basis of the presence of such genetic mutations. Taken together, genetic mutations and conventional techniques must be used to have an effective diagnosis for a better treatment (Cockerill, 1999;Victor et al, 2002). Also in some resistant strains, no mutation is detected meaning that resistance might be linked to other mechanisms of resistance not yet fully understood (Ramaswammy and Musser, 1998).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular analysis of multidrug resistantMycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Morocco

Sabouni¹,

Kourout

Chaoui

et al. 2008

Ann. Microbiol.

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Tuberculosis remains a global threat to public health. Considerable efforts have been made to combat this disease. However, the emergence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains resistant to the major anti-tuberculosis drugs especially multidrug resistant (MDR) strains poses a deadly threat to control programs. The present study aims to identify the most common mutations within multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis Moroccan isolates in order to use them as molecular markers for early and rapid detection of multidrug resistant strains. For that, all M. tuberculosis isolates received during 2002-2003 in the National Reference Laboratory of Tuberculosis in Morocco were subject to drug susceptibility tests for rifampicin and isoniazid and to a PCR probe method to detect specific mutation. Sequencing was performed for all genotypic rifampicin resistant isolates and also for four genotypic isoniazid resistant isolates randomly selected. Out of 187 M. tuberculosis positive cultures, 46 (24.6%) were phenotypically resistant to both rifampicin and isoniazid. Nucleotide mutations in rpoB531, rpoB526, rpoB516, katG315 and inh-15 codons associated with resistance to rifampin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH) were found respectively in 37/46 (80.4%) and 43/46 (93.5%) isolates. Genotypic multi drug resistance was then confirmed in 74% (34/46) isolates. The mutations at codon 315 of katG gene and at codons 531, 526 and 516 of rpoB gene are frequently found in MDR isolates which confirm their strong implication in the development of multidrug resistant tuberculosis. We concluded that these mutations are useful as molecular markers for detection of multidrug resistant isolates but are not yet sufficient to fully predict M. tuberculosis multidrug resistance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular analysis of multidrug resistantMycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Morocco

Sabouni¹,

Kourout

Chaoui

et al. 2008

Ann. Microbiol.

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“…Identification of the antimicrobial resistance genes responsible for resistant phenotypes is made difficult by the requirement of multiple assays for each gene or a group of genes [7]. DNA microarray techniques have recently been described for the simultaneous detection of multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in MDR isolates [9,10,15,16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, resistant bacterial phenotypes are characterised by growth in the presence of antimicrobials using test methodology such as Sensititer TM broth microdilution, Etest and disk diffusion [5,6]. Identification methods for the genes that cause resistance have typically been limited to techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern blotting, which can be cumbersome and can only detect one or a few genes at a time [7]. Therefore, identifying the genes responsible for resistance can require arduous screening for hundreds of possible antimicrobial resistance genes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA microarray detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in diverse bacteria

Frye

Jesse

Long

et al. 2006

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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“…Common techniques included DGGE/TGGE/TTGE [14], T-RFLP [15], SSCP, FISH, mark hybridization, quantitative PCR [16], 454 high-throughput sequencing and the gene chip molecular biology method. The traditional plate culture method [17] is limited to a few cultural microorganisms (approximately 0.1%-1%) in the environment, but DGGE can reflect the dominant bacteria population based on the appearing bands. Furthermore, the application of metagenomics in environmental sciences and biotechnology is a hotspot [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%