Genetic Manipulation and Bioreactor Culture of Plants as a Tool for Industry and Its Applications

Abstract

In recent years, there has been a considerable increase in interest in the use of transgenic plants as sources of valuable secondary metabolites or recombinant proteins. This has been facilitated by the advent of genetic engineering technology with the possibility for direct modification of the expression of genes related to the biosynthesis of biologically active compounds. A wide range of research projects have yielded a number of efficient plant systems that produce specific secondary metabolites or recombinant proteins. Furthermore, the use of bioreactors allows production to be increased to industrial scales, which can quickly and cheaply deliver large amounts of material in a short time. The resulting plant production systems can function as small factories, and many of them that are targeted at a specific operation have been patented. This review paper summarizes the key research in the last ten years regarding the use of transgenic plants as small, green biofactories for the bioreactor-based production of secondary metabolites and recombinant proteins; it simultaneously examines the production of metabolites and recombinant proteins on an industrial scale and presents the current state of available patents in the field.

Bioactive Compounds from Kalanchoe Genus Potentially Useful for the Development of New Drugs

“…Considering the most prominent bioactive molecules in Kalanchoe , flavonoids have more studies aiming at increasing yield or at reconstructing their biosynthetic pathways, if compared with bufadienolides. These works are interested in scaling up the obtaining of flavonoids under controlled conditions, by means of cell suspension cultures, hairy root cultures, transgenics, and microbial hosts utilization [ 145 , 146 , 147 ]. The increasing understanding of biosynthetic pathways and molecular genetics of different plants led to the higher application of metabolic engineering to enhance the production of compounds in plants and microorganisms.…”

Advances in the use of plants as potential biofactories in the production of antimicrobial peptides

“…Genetic engineering, in combination with molecular biology and biochemistry, can be used to design a recombinant system that presents specific functions. [ 27 ] It has boosted the production of recombinant proteins, both therapeutic and non‐therapeutical, for biopharmaceutical and input production, from diverse expression systems including plants. [ 17,28–30 ]…”

“…Genetic engineering, in combination with molecular biology and biochemistry, can be used to design a recombinant system that presents specific functions. [27] It has boosted the production of recombinant proteins, both therapeutic and non-therapeutical, for biopharmaceutical and input production, from diverse expression systems including plants. [17,[28][29][30] The systems that most represent industrial production of biomolecules are bacteria and yeasts, and probably more than 95% of the AMPs produced are derived from these systems.…”

A Survey on Immune System in Genetic Engineering and their Applications

“…The industrial use of genetic engineering has advanced to a point, where a completely new area can be combined. For example, using recombinant DNA technology, metabolic networks will be restructured by enlisting the proteins from other cells [15]. Microorganisms like bacteria or yeast, as well as insect mammalian cells can be modified to express a gene that codes for a valuable protein for industrial purposes.…”