Genetic Influences on Dental Caries

Vieira, Alexandre R.

doi:10.1002/9780470015902.a0024258

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Although these diseases are highly preventable and their pathogenesis is quite well understood, the challenge of decreasing caries and periodontitis prevalence continues. The biology underlying individual oral health behaviours can lead to new insight on how to control disease in individuals at very high risk, the ultimate goal of current public health strategies (Vieira ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Host genetics role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and caries

Nibali

Iorio

et al. 2017

J Clinic Periodontology

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Background: This study aimed to produce the latest summary of the evidence for association of host genetic variants contributing to both periodontal diseases and caries. Materials and Methods: Two systematic searches of the literature were conducted in Ovid Medline, Embase, LILACS and Cochrane Library for large candidate gene studies (CGS), systematic reviews and genome-wide association studies reporting data on host genetic variants and presence of periodontal disease and caries. Results: A total of 124 studies were included in the review (59 for the periodontitis outcome and 65 for the caries outcome), from an initial search of 15,487 titles. Gene variants associated with periodontitis were categorized based on strength of evidence and then compared with gene variants associated with caries. Several gene variants showed moderate to strong evidence of association with periodontitis, although none of them had also been associated with the caries trait. Conclusions: Despite some potential aetiopathogenic similarities between periodontitis and caries, no genetic variants to date have clearly been associated with both diseases. Further studies or comparisons across studies with large sample size and clear phenotype definition could shed light into possible shared genetic risk factors for caries and periodontitis. Inflammatory periodontal diseases and caries are the most common bacteria-mediated diseases of mankind despite being highly preventable. Periodontal diseases are characterized by an inflammatory reaction against members of the oral microbiota (Curtis 2015) and, among them, Periodontitis (PD) leads to apical migration of the epithelial attachment and resorption of connective tissue and alveolar bone, often resulting in early tooth loss. Heritability has long been thought to play an important role in the predisposition to periodontitis (Baer 1971). Genetic factors are now thought to determine about half the variance of periodontitis risk in the population (Michalowicz et al. 1991). Common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) able to affect gene activity or protein production, with an effect on structural factors of the periodontium or on the host response to microbial challenge, are among possible risk factors for periodontitis. LuigiHowever, despite research dating back nearly two decades (Kornman et al. 1997), no single gene variant has yet clearly emerged as definitely predisposing to periodontitis.Caries leads to continued localized mineral loss from the dental enamel and as it progresses, subclinical mineral losses become visible (white spot lesions) and eventually unsupported enamel collapses (cavities) (Vieira 2016). Caries is traditionally described as the interplay among a susceptible host, microbiota and diet (Keyes 1960 (Hunt et al. 1944). Depending on the surrogate measure of the disease employed, genetics explain 25-64% of the variance of the disease seen in the population (reviewed in Vieira et al. 2014).Since both periodontitis and caries are bacteria-mediated oral diseases and depen...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Caries leads to continued localized mineral loss from the dental enamel and as it progresses, subclinical mineral losses become visible (white spot lesions) and eventually unsupported enamel collapses (cavities) (Vieira ). Caries is traditionally described as the interplay among a susceptible host, microbiota and diet (Keyes ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Host genetics role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and caries

Nibali

Iorio

et al. 2017

J Clinic Periodontology

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“…Keeping in mind the multifactorial nature of this disease it can be proposed that the genetic mode of inher-itance would best be described as being polygenic. Genes of interest when investigating cariology in-clude dentition, salivary, immuno-logical, and gustation genes [9]. In some children the protective ef-fect of some of these genes is great enough to outweigh many of the established environmental fac-tors such as diet, oral hygiene, and SES that place children at high risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haitian orphan population and protective factors against caries

Rea¹

2016

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Objective In Haiti, families were torn apart and children were left orphans after the 2010 earthquake. In the aftermath of this natural disaster many children were relocated to orphanages across the country and adopted internationally. Years later these children find themselves catching up in growth physically, mentally and emotionally after an extremely traumatic event during a crucial time in their health development. Another important marker of development is the primary dentition and the presence of caries. We report estimates of early childhood caries (ECC) frequency, risk factors and quality of health among Haitian children. Methods Medical and dental professionals conducted a descriptive cross sectional study through the Pittsburgh Kids Foundation and their partnership with IDADEE children’s home, EBAC orphanage and New Vision Children’s home. Vital signs were taken and recorded to create a health/growth history for each child. Brief dental screenings were conducted and topical fluoride treatments were administered. Risk factors and quality of health information was obtained from discussions with the caregivers present. The children and caregivers were given oral hygiene education and supplies (i.e. toothbrushes, toothpaste, floss). Results Physical exams and dental screenings were conducted on the 40 children ages 3-10 years of age living in the IDADEE children’s home. Two children had cavitated teeth. Eight children had teeth that were stained. Four children had evidence of dental trauma. 26 out of the 40 children had otherwise healthy dentition. Conclusion The IDADEE children’s home and New Vision Children’s home have hopes to expand their capacity with new construction scheduled to be finished in 2016. As more children enter these homes action is needed to educate caregivers on ways to identify high-risk children to prevent ECC and ways they can be treated before irreversible damage is done to the developing permanent dentition.

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Genetic Basis of Dental Caries and Periapical Pathology

Vieira

2019

Genetic Basis of Oral Health Conditions

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Genetic Influences on Dental Caries

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Host genetics role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and caries

Host genetics role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and caries

Haitian orphan population and protective factors against caries

Genetic Basis of Dental Caries and Periapical Pathology

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