Genetic influences on daytime and night-time blood pressure: similarities and differences

Wang, Xiaoling; Ding, Xiuhua; Su, Shaoyong; Yan, Weili; Harshfield, Gregory A.; Treiber, Frank A.; Snieder, Harold

doi:10.1097/hjh.0b013e328330e84d

Cited by 40 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Although not statistically different in the present study, the heritability estimate for night-time SBP was higher than the heritability estimate for daytime SBP, whereas the heritability estimates for daytime and night-time DBP were very similar in magnitude. It has been suggested that studies investigating the genetics of hypertension using night-time BP may be more powerful than those using daytime BP, as night-time BP is less likely to be influenced by environmental factors [29]. However, studies that have found night-time BP to be more heritable have not examined whether the difference was statistically significant [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heritability of ambulatory and office blood pressure in the Swiss population

Alwan

Ehret²,

Ponte

et al. 2015

Journal of Hypertension

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a Background: Blood pressure (BP) is known to aggregate in families. Yet, heritability estimates are populationspecific and no Swiss data have been published so far. We estimated the heritability of ambulatory and office BP in a Swiss population-based sample. Methods: The Swiss Kidney Project on Genes inHypertension is a population-based family study focusing on BP genetics. Office and ambulatory BP were measured in 1009 individuals from 271 nuclear families. Heritability was estimated for SBP, DBP, and pulse pressure using a maximum likelihood method implanted in the Statistical Analysis in Genetic Epidemiology software. Results:The 518 women and 491 men included in this analysis had a mean (AESD) age of 48.3 (AE17.4) and 47.3 (AE17.7) years, and a mean BMI of 23.8 (AE4.2) and 25.9 (AE4.1) kg/m 2 , respectively. Narrow-sense heritability estimates (AEstandard error) for ambulatory SBP, DBP, and pulse pressure were 0.37 AE 0.07, 0.26 AE 0.07, and 0.29 AE 0.07 for 24-h BP; 0.39 AE 0.07, 0.28 AE 0.07, and 0.27 AE 0.07 for day BP; and 0.25 AE 0.07, 0.20 AE 0.07, and 0.30 AE 0.07 for night BP, respectively (all P < 0.001). Heritability estimates for office SBP, DBP, and pulse pressure were 0.21 AE 0.08, 0.25 AE 0.08, and 0.18 AE 0.07 (all P < 0.01). Conclusions:We found significant heritability estimates for both ambulatory and office BP in this Swiss populationbased study. Our findings justify the ongoing search for the genetic determinants of BP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heritability of ambulatory and office blood pressure in the Swiss population

Alwan

Ehret²,

Ponte

et al. 2015

Journal of Hypertension

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“…Studies on twins, large cohorts, and isolated pedigrees have provided more insight into understanding complex traits of hypertension compared with case-control association studies (Hiekkalinna et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2011;Wu et al, 2010). In addition, genetic studies using ambulatory blood pressure (BP) measurements as a phenotype were found to be potentially more powerful than those using office BP measured in the clinic (Fava et al, 2004;Kotchen et al, 2000;Kupper et al, 2005;Tomaszewski et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2009). A distinct advantage is that ambulatory recordings allow collection of multiple day and night values in a natural setting.…”

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confidence: 99%

Heritability of Ambulatory and Beat-to-Beat Office Blood Pressure in Large Multigenerational Arab Pedigrees: The ‘Oman Family Study’

et al. 2012

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Objective: To estimate the heritability of ambulatory blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and beat-to-beat office BP and HR in an isolated, environmentally and genetically homogeneous Omani Arab population. Methods: Ambulatory BP measurements were recorded in 1,124 subjects with a mean age of 33.8 ± 16.2 years, using the auscultatory mode of the validated Schiller ambulatory BP Monitor. Beat-to-beat BP and HR were recorded by the Task Force Monitor. Heritability was estimated using quantitative genetic analysis. This was achieved by applying the maximum-likelihood-based variance decomposition method implemented in SOLAR software. Results: We detected statistically significant heritability estimates for office beat-to-beat, 24-hour, daytime, and sleep HR of 0.31, 0.21, 0.20, and 0.07, respectively. Heritability estimates in the abovementioned conditions for systolic BP (SBP)/diastolic BP (DBP)/mean BP (MBP) were all significant and estimated at 0.19/0.19/0.19, 0.30/0.44/0.41, 0.28/0.38/0.39, and 0.21/0.18/0.20, respectively. Heritability estimates for 24-hour and daytime ambulatory SBP, DBP, and MBP ranged from 0.28 to 0.44, and were higher than the heritability estimates for beat-to-beat recordings and sleep periods, which were estimated within a narrow range of 0.18-0.21. Conclusion: In this cohort, because shared environments are common to all, the environmental influence that occurs is primarily due to the variation in non-shared environment that is unique to the individual. We demonstrated significant heritability estimates for both beat-to-beat office and ambulatory BP and HR recordings, but 24-hour and daytime ambulatory heritabilities are higher than those from beat-to-beat resting levels and ambulatory night-time recordings.

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“…This could be explained, in part, by the fact that night-time BP is less influenced by environmental factors than daytime (and therefore 24-hour) BP, a phenomenon previously reported in studies investigating the genetics of hypertension. 27 It is also possible that the inverse association during daytime is blunted by an acute pressure effect of caffeine intake during the morning. The stronger associations of night-time BP than daytime BP with caffeine is of importance, given the increasing evidence that night-time BP provides the greatest information regarding cariovascular risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27 It is also possible that the inverse association during daytime is blunted by an acute pressure effect of caffeine intake during the morning. The stronger associations of night-time BP than daytime BP with caffeine is of importance, given the increasing evidence that night-time BP provides the greatest information regarding cariovascular risk.…”

Section: Guessous Et Al Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Urinary Caffeinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Ambulatory Blood Pressure With Urinary Caffeine and Caffeine Metabolite Excretions

et al. 2015

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H ypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and results from a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors.1 Intake of caffeinated beverages might be associated with lower cardiovascular mortality.2 Caffeine, >70% of which is provided by coffee consumption, 3 is metabolized by the liver CYP1A2 enzyme into paraxanthine (≈80%), theobromine (≈12%), and theophylline (≈4%). Caffeine and caffeine metabolites are methylxanthines: a family of nonspecific adenosine receptor antagonist with several properties, including diuretic and natriuretic properties. 4,5 The urinary excretion of caffeine and caffeine metabolites is a valid measure of caffeine intake. 6 The relation of blood pressure (BP) with caffeine and caffeine metabolites is of major interest, given their widespread consumption in foods and beverages (eg, coffee, tea, cola drinks, chocolate products) and the public health burden of high BP. Studies on the effect of acute consumption of caffeine at dietary levels on BP produced inconsistent results, 7 with a recent study restricted to nonsmokers showing a decrease in systolic BP (SBP). 8 In a crosssectional study, high reported caffeine intake was associated with a lower prevalence of hypertension only in nonsmokers. 9 To date, studies on the association of caffeine and BP have been limited by the use of reported caffeine intake instead of Abstract-Intake of caffeinated beverages might be associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality possibly via the lowering of blood pressure. We estimated the association of ambulatory blood pressure with urinary caffeine and caffeine metabolites in a population-based sample. Families were randomly selected from the general population of Swiss cities. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was conducted using validated devices. Urinary caffeine, paraxanthine, theophylline, and theobromine excretions were measured in 24 hours urine using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. We used mixed models to explore the associations of urinary excretions with blood pressure although adjusting for major confounders. The 836 participants (48.9% men) included in this analysis had mean age of 47.8 and mean 24-hour systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 120.1 and 78.0 mm Hg. For each doubling of caffeine excretion, 24-hour and nighttime systolic blood pressure decreased by 0.642 and 1.107 mm Hg (both P values <0.040). Similar inverse associations were observed for paraxanthine and theophylline. Adjusted night-time systolic blood pressure in the first (lowest), second, third, and fourth (highest) quartile of paraxanthine urinary excretions were 110.3, 107.3, 107.3, and 105.1 mm Hg, respectively (P trend <0.05). No associations of urinary excretions with diastolic blood pressure were generally found, and theobromine excretion was not associated with blood pressure. Anti-hypertensive therapy, diabetes mellitus, and alcohol consumption modify the association of caffeine urinary excretion with systolic blood pressure. 14 in Laus...

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Genetic influences on daytime and night-time blood pressure: similarities and differences

Cited by 40 publications

References 33 publications

Heritability of ambulatory and office blood pressure in the Swiss population

Heritability of ambulatory and office blood pressure in the Swiss population

Heritability of Ambulatory and Beat-to-Beat Office Blood Pressure in Large Multigenerational Arab Pedigrees: The ‘Oman Family Study’

Associations of Ambulatory Blood Pressure With Urinary Caffeine and Caffeine Metabolite Excretions

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