Genetic Improvement of Wheat for Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance

Limbalkar, Omkar M.; Meena, Vijay Kamal; Singh, Mandeep; Sunilkumar, V. P.

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2018.712.226

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Among the five major wheat classes in the US, soft red winter wheat (SRWW) common to the southeast US shares 15-20% of total area and 17% of total production (Vocke and Ali, 2013). However, this major cereal crop is under continuous threat due to several biotic and abiotic constraints resulting in a significant reduction in grain yield and quality (Limbalkar et al, 2018;Ghimire et al, 2020). Savary et al (2019) reported 31 pests responsible for an estimated 21.5% economic yield loss in wheat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium Head Blight and Rust Diseases in Soft Red Winter Wheat in the Southeast United States: State of the Art, Challenges and Future Perspective for Breeding

et al. 2020

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Among the biotic constraints to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production, fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum, leaf rust (LR), caused by Puccinia triticina, and stripe rust (SR) caused by Puccinia striiformis are problematic fungal diseases worldwide. Each can significantly reduce grain yield while FHB causes additional food and feed safety concerns due to mycotoxin contamination of grain. Genetic resistance is the most effective and sustainable approach for managing wheat diseases. In the past 20 years, over 500 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) conferring small to moderate effects for the different FHB resistance types have been reported in wheat. Similarly, 79 Lr-genes and more than 200 QTLs and 82 Yr-genes and 140 QTLs have been reported for seedling and adult plant LR and SR resistance, respectively. Most QTLs conferring rust resistance are race-specific generally conforming to a classical gene-for-gene interaction while resistance to FHB exhibits complex polygenic inheritance with several genetic loci contributing to one resistance type. Identification and deployment of additional genes/ QTLs associated with FHB and rust resistance can expedite wheat breeding through marker-assisted and/or genomic selection to combine small-effect QTL in the gene pool. LR disease has been present in the southeast United States for decades while SR and FHB have become increasingly problematic in the past 20 years, with FHB arguably due to increased corn acreage in the region. Currently, QTLs on chromosome 1B from

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium Head Blight and Rust Diseases in Soft Red Winter Wheat in the Southeast United States: State of the Art, Challenges and Future Perspective for Breeding

et al. 2020

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“…Wheat is a staple food crop for more than 35% of the world’s population [1]. Biotic and environmental stresses pose a serious threat to global wheat production [2, 3]. Fungal diseases of wheat like rusts, tan spot, Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB), powdery mildew and Fusarium head blight (FHB) can cause up to 50% yield losses along with a significant reduction in end-use quality [4, 5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mining and genomic characterization of resistance to tan spot, Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB), and Fusarium head blight in Watkins core collection of wheat landraces

et al. 2019

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Background: In the late 1920s, A. E. Watkins collected about 7000 landrace cultivars (LCs) of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from 32 different countries around the world. Among which 826 LCs remain viable and could be a valuable source of superior/favorable alleles to enhance disease resistance in wheat. In the present study, a core set of 121 LCs, which captures the majority of the genetic diversity of Watkins collection, was evaluated for identifying novel sources of resistance against tan spot, Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB), and Fusarium Head Blight (FHB). Results: A diverse response was observed in 121 LCs for all three diseases. The majority of LCs were moderately susceptible to susceptible to tan spot Ptr race 1 (84%) and FHB (96%) whereas a large number of LCs were resistant or moderately resistant against tan spot Ptr race 5 (95%) and SNB (54%). Thirteen LCs were identified in this study could be a valuable source for multiple resistance to tan spot Ptr races 1 and 5, and SNB, and another five LCs could be a potential source for FHB resistance. GWAS analysis was carried out using disease phenotyping score and 8807 SNPs data of 118 LCs, which identified 30 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) with-log10 (p-value) > 3.0. Ten, five, and five genomic regions were found to be associated with resistance to tan spot Ptr race 1, race 5, and SNB, respectively in this study. In addition to Tsn1, several novel genomic regions Q.Ts1.sdsu-4BS and Q.Ts1.sdsu-5BS (tan spot Ptr race 1) and Q.Ts5.sdsu-1BL, Q.Ts5.sdsu-2DL, Q.Ts5.sdsu-3AL, and Q.Ts5.sdsu-6BL (tan spot Ptr race 5) were also identified. Our results indicate that these putative genomic regions contain several genes that play an important role in plant defense mechanisms. Conclusion: Our results suggest the existence of valuable resistant alleles against leaf spot diseases in Watkins LCs. The single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers linked to the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for tan spot and SNB resistance along with LCs harboring multiple disease resistance could be useful for future wheat breeding.

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“…Temperature can modify developmental and growth rates in plants. Similarly, heat stress affects agronomic traits at every growth stage, but the before flowering stage and anthesis period are comparatively more sensitive to high temperature compared to after flowering stages (Limbalkar et al, 2018). Heat stress affects the metabolic pathways at every stage of life of wheat finally leading to yield reduction, the effect of high temperature is particularly severe during grain filling; these losses may be up to 40% under severe stress.…”

Section: Issn: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 2 (2020)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for Heat Tolerant Traits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes by Physio-biochemical Markers

Singh¹,

Prasad²,

Verma³

et al. 2020

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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Heat stress was induced by delayed sowing 35 days from normal date of sowing (25 November) so that delay sown wheat genotypes could experience heat stress at reproductive stage. Heat tolerant wheat genotypes screened on the basis of Membrane Stability Index (MSI), Chlorophyll Stability Index (CSI), stay green condition and Canopy Temperature Depression (CTD). High MSI, CSI and CTD were recorded in DBW-14, NW-1014 and Halna over other genotypes. These genotypes also showed less percent reduction in plant height, tiller number, spike length, number of grains per spike, test weight and grain yield per plant over control under heat stress regimes. Therefore MSI, CSI and CTD can be used as screening criteria for heat tolerant traits in wheat.

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Genetic Improvement of Wheat for Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance

Cited by 8 publications

References 37 publications

Fusarium Head Blight and Rust Diseases in Soft Red Winter Wheat in the Southeast United States: State of the Art, Challenges and Future Perspective for Breeding

Fusarium Head Blight and Rust Diseases in Soft Red Winter Wheat in the Southeast United States: State of the Art, Challenges and Future Perspective for Breeding

Mining and genomic characterization of resistance to tan spot, Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB), and Fusarium head blight in Watkins core collection of wheat landraces

Screening for Heat Tolerant Traits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes by Physio-biochemical Markers

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