Genetic diversity, virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella Enteritidis isolated from food and humans over a 24-year period in Brazil

Campioni, Fábio; Bergamini, Alzira Maria Moratto; Falcão, Juliana Pfrimer

doi:10.1016/j.fm.2012.06.008

Cited by 108 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…All South Brazilian Salmonella Enteritidis isolates were positive for invA and hilA; similar observations have been reported by other studies around the world (Amini et al 2010, Campioni et al 2012, Craciunas et al 2012. It was expected that these genes would be detected in all of the isolates due to their importance for cell invasion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Detection of virulence-associated genes in Salmonella Enteritidis isolates from chicken in South of Brazil

et al. 2013

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RESUMO.-[Detecção de genes associados à virulência em cepas de Salmonella Enteritidis isoladas de frangos na região sul do Brasil.] Salmonella spp. estão entre os principais agentes causadores de doenças transmitidas por alimentos, e o sorovar Salmonella Enteritidis é o mais frequentemente isolado no mundo. A virulência de Salmonella spp. e a sua interação com o hospedeiro são processos complexos que envolvem fatores de virulência para sobreviver às defesas do hospedeiro. O objetivo deste estudo foi detectar genes de virulência em cepas de S. Enteritidis isoladas a partir de fontes avícolas no sul do Brasil. Ensaios de PCR foram desenvolvidos para a detecção de nove genes (lpfA, agfA, sefA, invA, hilA, avrA, sopE, sivH are considered the main agents of foodborne disease and Salmonella Enteritidis is one of the most frequently isolated serovars worldwide. The virulence of Salmonella spp. and their interaction with the host are complex processes involving virulence factors to overcome host defenses. The purpose of this study was to detect virulence genes in S. Enteritidis isolates from poultry in the South of Brazil. PCR-based assays were developed in order to detect nine genes (lpfA, agfA, sefA, invA, hilA, avrA, sopE, sivH and spvC) associated with the virulence in eighty-four isolates of S. Enteritidis isolated from poultry. The invA, hilA, sivH, sefA and avrA genes were present in 100% of the isolates; lpfA and sopE were present in 99%; agfA was present in 96%; and the spvC gene was present in 92%. It was possible to characterize the isolates with four different genetic profiles (P1, P2, P3 and P4), as it follows: P1, positive for all genes; P2, negative only for spvC; P3, negative for agfA; and P4, negative for lpfA, spvC and sopE. The most prevalent profile was P1, which was present in 88% of the isolates. Although all isolates belong to the same serovar, it was possible to observe variations in the presence of these virulence-associated genes between different isolates. The characterization of the mechanisms of virulence circulating in the population of Salmonella Enteritidis is important for a better understanding of its biology and pathogenicity. The frequency of these genes and the establishment of genetic profiles can be used to determine patterns of virulence. These patterns, associated with in vivo studies, may help develop tools to predict the ability of virulence of different strains.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Detection of virulence-associated genes in Salmonella Enteritidis isolates from chicken in South of Brazil

et al. 2013

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“…However, they were mentioned in several studies as the most frequent serotypes both in humans and animals [16,34] and were considered the most important cause of non-typhoidal salmonellosis [15]. In Morocco, Enteritidis was isolated from samples of table eggs and droppings of laying hens during 1996-1997 [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, antibiotics are required in invasive or severe cases that may occur in some patients, particularly in vulnerable groups such as young children, the elderly, and immunocompromised persons [14]. In the case of severe infection such as bacteremia or meningitis, the use of antimicrobials is mandatory [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, serotype distribution, and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolated from food products in Morocco

Amajoud

Bouchrif

Maadoudi

et al. 2017

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Salmonellosis is one of the most common foodborne diseases worldwide. The irrational use of antibiotics in medicine and in animal feed has greatly promoted the emergence and spread of resistant strains of non-typhoidal Salmonella. Methodology: A total of 464 food products were collected in Tetouan from January 2010 to December 2012. The isolation and identification of Salmonella were performed according to Moroccan standard 08.0.116. All isolates were serotyped and were then tested for antibiotic resistance using the disk diffusion method. Results: The microbiological analysis showed that 10.3% of food samples were contaminated with Salmonella. Eleven serotypes were identified: Kentucky 22.9% (11/48), Agona 16.7% (8/48), Reading 12.5% (6/48), Corvallis 8.3% (4/48), Saintpaul 8.3% (4/48), Typhimurium 6.2% (3/48), Montevideo 6.2% (3/48), Enteritidis 4.2% (2/48), and 2% (1/48) for each of Israel, Hadar, and Branderup. Drug susceptibility testing showed that 39.6% of Salmonella were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 60.4% were susceptible to all tested antibiotics. The highest percentage of resistance was found to the following antimicrobial agents: nalidixic acid (27.1%), sulfonamides (25%), amoxicillin (12.5%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 12.5%, trimethoprim (10.4%), cephalothin (4.2%), and chloramphenicol (2.1%). Conclusions: This study revealed a relatively high prevalence of Salmonella in food products in Tetouan and a large percentage of drug-resistant strains. Hygienic measures should be rigorously implemented, and monitoring resistance of Salmonella is required to reduce the risks related to the emergence of multi-resistant bacteria.

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“…Salmonella pathogenicity is largely related to gene markers of virulence presented mainly in Salmonella pathogenicity island (SPI) 1, SPI-2 and plasmids (Campioni et al, 2012;Almeida et al, 2013). The SPI-1-associated proteins include the following: Sop (SopA-E), effector proteins; SipA and InvA, associated with invasion; SipD, a translocon assembly protein; and FlgK, FljB and FlgL proteins, associated with flagella.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Molecular typing is an important tool for bacterial characterization and can help us better understand their epidemiology and genotypic diversity. Various molecular typing techniques have been used successfully for subtyping Salmonella serovars such as enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR), PFGE, multiple-locus variable number of tandem repeats analysis (MLVA) and multilocus sequence typing, among others (Hur et al, 2011;Campioni et al, 2012Campioni et al, , 2013Campioni et al, , 2014Almeida et al, 2013;Ngoi et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic diversity, pathogenic potential and the resistance profile of Salmonella Typhimurium strains isolated from humans and food from 1983 to 2013 in Brazil

Almeida

Medeiros

Rodrigues

et al. 2015

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium is one of the leading serovars that causes salmonellosis worldwide. However, few studies have molecularly characterized S. Typhimurium strains in Brazil. In this study, we genotyped 92 S. Typhimurium strains isolated from humans (43) and food (49) between 1983 and 2013 in Brazil using PFGE, multiple-locus variable number of tandem repeats analysis (MLVA) and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR). Moreover, we assessed the frequency of 12 virulence markers by PCR and the resistance profile against 12 antimicrobials. More than 85.8 % of the strains studied carried 11 of the virulence markers or more. Thirty-three strains (25 %) were multidrug resistant (MDR). The 92 S. Typhimurium studied were grouped by PFGE as PFGE-A, PFGE-B1 and PFGE-B2; by MLVA as MLVA-A, MLVA-B1 and MLVA-B2; and, finally, by ERIC-PCR as ERIC-A and ERIC-B. The strains isolated from humans before the mid-1990s were allocated to all clusters. The strains isolated from humans after the mid-1990s were distributed in the PFGE-B1, MLVA-B1, MLVA-B2 and ERIC-A clusters. The strains isolated from food were distributed in all clusters, except in PFGE-B2. All typing results suggested that the S. Typhimurium strains of human clinical origin isolated before the mid-1990s were genetically more diverse, which might indicate the selection of a more adapted S. Typhimurium subtype after Salmonella Enteritidis became the most prevalent serovar in Brazil. Regarding strains isolated from food, the results suggest the current circulation of more than one subtype. Furthermore, the high frequency of virulence genes and the presence of MDR strains reinforces their potential hazard for humans and the risk of their presence in foods in Brazil.

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Genetic diversity, virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella Enteritidis isolated from food and humans over a 24-year period in Brazil

Cited by 108 publications

References 58 publications

Detection of virulence-associated genes in Salmonella Enteritidis isolates from chicken in South of Brazil

Detection of virulence-associated genes in Salmonella Enteritidis isolates from chicken in South of Brazil

Prevalence, serotype distribution, and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolated from food products in Morocco

Genotypic diversity, pathogenic potential and the resistance profile of Salmonella Typhimurium strains isolated from humans and food from 1983 to 2013 in Brazil

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