Genetic diversity of hepatitis viruses in West-African countries from 1996 to 2018

Assih, Maléki; Ouattara, Abdoul Karim; Diarra, Birama; Yonli, Albert Théophane; Compaoré, Tegwinde Rebeca; Obiri‐Yeboah, Dorcas; Djigma, Florencia Wendkuuni; Karou, Simplice Damintoti; Simporé, Jacques

doi:10.4254/wjh.v10.i11.807

Cited by 25 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 101 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A total of 127 patients have received the treatment based of generic DAAS and allocated in two groups (1 and 2). We noticed that in our study, the patients have the same years old, and most of the patients had the genotypes 2, which basically reflects the prevalence of the genotypes among HCV circulated in Togo [15]. We constated that, patients with the higher viral load (> 6 log) had more than 50 years old.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Daclatasvir Plus Sofosbuvir With and Without Ribavirin for Previously Treated or Untreated Chronic HCV Infection Genotype 1, 2 and 4 in Togo

Anyovi¹,

Soliman²,

Bawe³

et al. 2020

ACO

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Daclatasvir (DCV) is a potent, pangenotypic nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor with demonstrated antiviral efficacy when combined with sofosbuvir (SOF) with or without ribavirin (RBV) in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We are using SOF-DCV combination for large scale treatment. Objectives: The aim of the current study was designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir/daclatasvir, with or without ribavirin for previously treated or untreated in treatment of HCV genotype 1, 2 and 4, as well as their effect on the liver fibrosis. Methods: One hundred twenty-seven patients with chronic HCV infection were categorized into 2 groups. The group 1 comprised treatment naïve patients, with total serum bilirubin ≤ 1.2mg/10-1L, serum albumin ≥ 3,5g/10-1L, ALAT ≥ 3N, ASAT≤ 2N and platelets count 150 x 109 /L. The group 2 included Peg-INF-alpha or sofosbuvir treatment-experienced patients or patients having at least 2 of the following characteristics: total bilirubin ≤ 1.2mg/10-1L, serum albumin ≥ 3,5g/10-1L, ALAT ≥ 3N, ASAT ≤ 2N and platelets count 150 x 109 /L. The first group was treated with sofosbuvir/daclatasvir for 12 weeks except sofosbuvir treatment experienced patients, who were treated with sofosbuvir/daclatasvir + ribavirin for 24 weeks, with generic medications: DCV 60 mg plus SOF 400 mg ± ribavirin (RBV) within the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection. Efficacy and safety were assessed, and baseline factors associated with sustained virological response at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12) were explored. Results: Sustained virological response (SVR12), was 95,8% in group 1 and 93,8% in group 2. Such high efficacy was accompanied with tolerable adverse effects as well as with significant improvement in liver fibrosis. Conclusion: SOF plus DCV with or without ribavirin achieved high efficacy and safety in HCV genotypes 1,2 and 4 patients. Their effect was accompanied with attenuation of liver fibrosis. Further wider-scale studies are needed to evaluate the actual role of IL 18 polymorphism in treatment response with Sofosbuvir/Daclatasvir.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Daclatasvir Plus Sofosbuvir With and Without Ribavirin for Previously Treated or Untreated Chronic HCV Infection Genotype 1, 2 and 4 in Togo

Anyovi¹,

Soliman²,

Bawe³

et al. 2020

ACO

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The same attempt has been made with lettuce, an attractive crop for producing an orally administered antigen [162]. The dominant HBV genotype in West Africa, genotype E, is not the same as those found elsewhere [163, 164]. As with HPV, it will be necessary to develop specific vaccines for West African HBV genotypes.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus-based pharmaceutical production in plants: an opportunity to reduce health problems in Africa

Bamogo

Brugidou

Sérémé

et al. 2019

Virol J

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundDeveloping African countries face health problems that they struggle to solve. The major causes of this situation are high therapeutic and logistical costs. Plant-made therapeutics are easy to produce due to the lack of the safety considerations associated with traditional fermenter-based expression platforms, such as mammalian cells. Plant biosystems are easy to scale up and inexpensive, and they do not require refrigeration or a sophisticated medical infrastructure. These advantages provide an opportunity for plant-made pharmaceuticals to counteract diseases for which medicines were previously inaccessible to people in countries with few resources.Main bodyThe techniques needed for plant-based therapeutic production are currently available. Viral expression vectors based on plant viruses have greatly enhanced plant-made therapeutic production and have been exploited to produce a variety of proteins of industrial, pharmaceutical and agribusiness interest. Some neglected tropical diseases occurring exclusively in the developing world have found solutions through plant bioreactor technology. Plant viral expression vectors have been reported in the production of therapeutics against these diseases occurring exclusively in the third world, and some virus-derived antigens produced in plants exhibit appropriate antigenicity and immunogenicity. However, all advances in the use of plants as bioreactors have been made by companies in Europe and America. The developing world is still far from acquiring this technology, although plant viral expression vectors may provide crucial help to overcome neglected diseases.ConclusionToday, interest in these tools is rising, and viral amplicons made in and for Africa are in progress. This review describes the biotechnological advances in the field of plant bioreactors, highlights factors restricting access to this technology by those who need it most and proposes a solution to overcome these limitations.

show abstract

“…Due to shared routes of transmission, co-infection of HIV with hepatitis viruses is common worldwide and it is estimated that 5-20% of the approximately 37 million people living with HIV are co-infected with HBV [1]. In Africa (Nigeria inclusive), HBV is hyper-endemic and HBV/HIV co-infections are highly prevalent [2]. Compared to HBV or HIV mono-infected individuals, co-infected individuals have a higher risk of impaired immunological recovery and hepatotoxicity during antiretroviral treatment (ART) and a faster rate of progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and characteristics of hepatitis B and D virus infections among HIV-positive individuals in Southwestern Nigeria

Opaleye

Akanbi

Osundare

et al. 2021

Virol J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Coinfections of HIV-positive individuals with Hepatitis B and D virus (HBV and HDV) are common and can be associated with rapid liver damage. Several antiretroviral drugs for HIV exhibit anti-HBV effect; however, the selection of HBV drug resistance mutations (DRMs) in individuals under HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been reported but rarely in Nigeria. In this study the HBV/HDV prevalence and HBV DRMs in HIV-positive individuals in Southwestern Nigeria were assessed. Methods Plasma samples collected from 310 HIV-positive individuals including 295 ART-experienced and 15 ART-naïve persons attending the HIV clinic in three south-western states of Nigeria between June 2017 and August 2017 were analysed by ELISA for HBsAg and anti-HDV. The presence of HDV RNA and HBV DNA was analysed by (RT)-PCR followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analyses for genotyping. The HBV reverse transcription (RT) region was amplified and sequenced for the analysis of drug resistance mutations. Results Overall, 16.1% (n = 50/310) of the HIV-positive individuals were positive for HBsAg, most of which were ART-experienced (94.0%; n = 47/50). From the 50 HBsAg-positive samples, 72.0% (n = 36/50) were positive for HBV DNA and 16.0% (n = 8/50) had detectable HDV RNA while 5.6% (n = 2/36) of the HBV-DNA positive samples had anti-HDV total antibodies. Sequences were available for 31/36 of the HBV DNA-positive and 3/8 HDV RNA-positive samples. HBV DNA-positive samples were characterised as HBV genotype E infections exclusively, while HDV genotype 1 was detected in the HDV RNA-positive samples. HBV DRMs V173L, L180M, S202I and M204V/I, which are associated with lamivudine resistance, were detected in 32.2% (n = 10/31) of the HBV DNA-positive samples. Most of these mutations (90.0%; n = 9/10) were present in the ART-experienced cohort. Conclusions This study indicates that HBV/HDV coinfections are common in HIV-positive individuals under ART in Nigeria. Furthermore, a high proportion of HBV DRMs which potentially compromise future treatment options were detected, underscoring the need for HBV screening prior to starting ART. Further studies should be performed to monitor a possible increase in the spread of HDV among populations at risk of HIV and HBV infections.

show abstract

Genetic diversity of hepatitis viruses in West-African countries from 1996 to 2018

Cited by 25 publications

References 101 publications

Daclatasvir Plus Sofosbuvir With and Without Ribavirin for Previously Treated or Untreated Chronic HCV Infection Genotype 1, 2 and 4 in Togo

Daclatasvir Plus Sofosbuvir With and Without Ribavirin for Previously Treated or Untreated Chronic HCV Infection Genotype 1, 2 and 4 in Togo

Virus-based pharmaceutical production in plants: an opportunity to reduce health problems in Africa

Prevalence and characteristics of hepatitis B and D virus infections among HIV-positive individuals in Southwestern Nigeria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About