Genetic diversity estimates in Cicer using AFLP analysis

Abstract

Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was used to evaluate the genetic variation among cultivated chickpea and wild Cicer relatives. In total, 214 marker loci were assessed, of which 211 were polymorphic (98.6%) across the 95 accessions that represented 17 species of Cicer. The genetic variation within a species was highest in C. pinnatifidum followed by C. reticulatum and lowest in C. macracanthum. Three main species groups were identified by UPGMA clustering using Nei's pair‐wise distance calculations. Group I included the cultivated species C. arietinum, C. reticulatum and C. echinospermum. Within this group, C. reticulatum accessions were clustered closest to the C. arietinum cultivars ‘Lasseter’, ‘Kaniva’ and ‘Bumper’, supporting the hypothesis that C. reticulatum is the most probable progenitor of the cultivated species. Cicer bijugum, C. judaicum and C. pinnatifidum were clustered together creating group II. Group III contained all nine perennial species assessed and two annual species C. yamashitae and C. cuneatum. The genetic distance detected between group I and group III (0.13) was equivalent to the genetic distance detected between group I and group II (the primary and annual tertiary species, respectively; 0.14). This indicated that the perennial tertiary species may be as valuable for increasing variation to incorporate novel germplasm in the cultigen as the annual tertiary species.

Evaluation of genetic diversity in Piper spp using RAPD and SRAP markers

“…The results show that the SRAP technique can be more informative and more efficient and effective for studying genetic diversity than the RAPD technique. The ability to evaluate genetic variation among species at the molecular level is directly related to the number of polymorphisms detected and their reproducibility (Nguyen et al, 2004). The RAPD technique involves the amplification of random segments of genomic DNA using random primers and a low annealing temperature, which allows non-specific binding to the DNA.…”

Genomics-assisted breeding for drought tolerance in chickpea

“…For efficient and effective germplasm management and conservation, the concept of core and minicore collections have been advocated (Upadhyaya and Ortiz 2001), and trait-specific germplasm has been identified to aid breeding and genomics-assisted selection (Upadhyaya et al 2012). Further attempts were also made to characterise the chickpea germplasm at the molecular level in several studies (Iruela et al 2002;Croser et al 2003;Nguyen et al 2004;Rao et al 2007;Upadhyaya et al 2008;Sefera et al 2011;Choudhary et al 2012) separately from phenotypic characterisation (Upadhyaya et al 2012;Krishnamurthy et al 2013aKrishnamurthy et al , 2013b. Nevertheless, for understanding the genetics of complex traits like drought tolerance, trait mapping is essential for identifying the genes underlying drought tolerance.…”

Genomic tools and germplasm diversity for chickpea improvement

“…The second crossability group contained C. bijugum, C. judaicum and C. pinnatifidum Sudupak et al, 2002Sudupak et al, , 2004Sudupak, 2004;Nguyen et al, 2004). The last three species, C. yamashitae, C. chorassanicum and C. cuneatum, were either not included in many studies or were differentially positioned with respect to the cultivated germplasm.…”