Genetic Analyses of Enamel Hypoplasia in Multiethnic Cohorts

Alotaibi, Rasha N.; Howe, Brian J; Uribe, Lina M. Moreno; Sanchez, Carla; Deleyiannis, Frederic W.‐B.; Padilla, Carmencita D.; Poletta, Fernando A.; Orioli, Iêda M.; Buxó, Carmen J.; Wehby, George L.; Vieira, Alexandre R.; Murray, Jeffrey C.; Valencia-Ramírez, Consuelo; Muñeton, Claudia P. Restrepo; Long, Ross E.; Shaffer, John R.; Reís, Steven E.; Weinberg, Seth M.; Neiswanger, Katherine; McNeil, Daniel W.; Marazita, Mary L.

doi:10.1159/000522642

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 81 publications

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“…Amelogenesis is divided into two stages: secretion and maturation. The former corresponds to the growth of the organic matrix, consisting of amelogenin and non-amelogenin proteins (enameling, amelblastin, tuftelin) [25]. The latter consists in the replacement of the organic matrix with hydroxyapatite crystals, terminating with the apoptosis of ameloblasts [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal Markers of Physiological Stress as Indicators of Structural Violence: A Comparative Study between the Deceased Migrants of the Mediterranean Sea and the CAL Milano Cemetery Skeletal Collection

Biehler‐Gomez

Palamenghi

Baudu

et al. 2023

Biology

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Structural violence is an indirect form of violence that can lead to physiological consequences. Interestingly, these physiological disruptions may affect the skeletons and can therefore provide relevant information on violence and way of life in the analysis of skeletal remains. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that migrants who died in the Mediterranean Sea would present physiological cranial stress markers such as cribra orbitalia (CO), porotic hyperostosis (PH), and linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) more frequently and more severely than Italians of the 20th century. With this intent, a total of 164 crania were examined: 139 from deceased migrants recovered from a shipwreck in the Mediterranean Sea in 2015, aged between 16 and 35 years old, and 25 of the same age from the CAL Milano Cemetery Skeletal Collection. Both presence and severity of CO, PH, and LEH were evaluated. The data obtained were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank and independence Chi-squared tests to compare the results between the two samples and to test whether there was an association between the sample of migrants and the occurrence of lesions. As a result, CO and PH appeared more frequently and more severely in the migrant sample. In addition, migrants were significantly associated with CO, PH, and LEH (p-values < 0.05). Although this does not imply in any way that CO, PH, and LEH are specific to migration, they should be regarded as indicators of structural violence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal Markers of Physiological Stress as Indicators of Structural Violence: A Comparative Study between the Deceased Migrants of the Mediterranean Sea and the CAL Milano Cemetery Skeletal Collection

Biehler‐Gomez

Palamenghi

Baudu

et al. 2023

Biology

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Genetic polymorphisms associated with developmental defects of enamel: A systematic review

Lopes‐Fatturi,

Fonseca‐Souza,

Wambier

et al. 2024

Int J Paed Dentistry

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BackgroundPolymorphisms in genes related to enamel formation and mineralization may increase the risk of developmental defects of enamel (DDE).AimTo evaluate the existing literature on genetic polymorphisms associated with DDE.DesignThis systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO (CRD42018115270). The literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO, Cochrane Library, and in the gray literature. Observational studies assessing the association between DDE and genetic polymorphism were included. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used to assess the risk of bias.ResultsOne thousand one hundred and forty‐six articles were identified, and 28 met the inclusion criteria. Five studies presented a low risk of bias. Ninety‐two genes related to enamel development, craniofacial patterning morphogenesis, immune response, and hormone transcription/reception were included. Molar–incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and/or hypomineralization of primary second molars (HPSM) were associated with 80 polymorphisms of genes responsible for enamel development, immune response, morphogenesis, and xenobiotic detoxication. A significant association was found between the different clinical manifestations of dental fluorosis (DF) with nine polymorphisms of genes responsible for enamel development, craniofacial development, hormonal transcription/reception, and oxidative stress. Hypoplasia was associated with polymorphisms located in intronic regions.ConclusionMIH, HPSM, DF, and hypoplasia reported as having a complex etiology are significantly associated with genetic polymorphisms of several genes.

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Genetic Analyses of Enamel Hypoplasia in Multiethnic Cohorts

Cited by 2 publications

References 81 publications

Skeletal Markers of Physiological Stress as Indicators of Structural Violence: A Comparative Study between the Deceased Migrants of the Mediterranean Sea and the CAL Milano Cemetery Skeletal Collection

Skeletal Markers of Physiological Stress as Indicators of Structural Violence: A Comparative Study between the Deceased Migrants of the Mediterranean Sea and the CAL Milano Cemetery Skeletal Collection

Genetic polymorphisms associated with developmental defects of enamel: A systematic review

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