Generalized granuloma annulare located on sun-exposed areas in a human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive man with ultraviolet B photosensitivity

Granuloma Annulare

“…2 The etiology and pathogenesis, however, remain poorly understood. There have been reports of GA appearing after localized subcutaneous trauma for desensitization, 6 bacille Calmette-Gué rin vaccination, 7-10 tetanus and diphtheria vaccination, 11,12 hepatitis B vaccination, 13,14 ultraviolet light exposure, [15][16][17] mesotherapy, 18 and drug exposure. 16,[19][20][21][22][23] Studies have pointed to an immunologic mechanism with resultant necrobiosis underlying the development of GA.…”

“…Additional atypical forms include photosensitive GA (Fig. 4), [15][16][17] palmar GA, 36 disseminated popular, 29 and oral mucosal GA. 37 Generalized GA, disseminated GA, and other atypical GA, as discussed previously, are important to identify because they have been associated with systemic disease.…”

Granuloma Annulare and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

“…Two patients with generalized GA had lesions in sun-exposed areas, and phototesting revealed sensitivity to UV-B light. 8,37 Histological features characteristic of photodermatitis of HIV, 40 such as necrotic keratinocytes, spongiosis, exocytosis, and vacuolar or lichenoid interface changes, were absent in biopsy specimens from our patients. In addition, our patients said that their eruption was not exacerbated by UV-light exposure, and the lesions were not photodistributed.…”

“…[37][38][39] To our knowledge, only 3 cases of photosensitive GA with HIV infection have been reported 8,11,37 : 2 with generalized lesions and 1 localized to the feet. Two patients with generalized GA had lesions in sun-exposed areas, and phototesting revealed sensitivity to UV-B light.…”

Disseminated granuloma annulare in one case

“…Minden korcsoportban jelen van, nő: ffi arány 2:1. Etiológiája és patogenezise ismeretlen, de malignómákkal, diabetes mellitussal, pajzsmirigy betegségekkel, HIV, HBV, EBV és traumákkal összefüggést mutat (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Szövettanilag komplett vagy nem komplett kollagén nekrobiózis figyelhető meg mononukleáris gyulladásos sejtes (monocyták, makrofágok, hisztiociták, dendritikus sejtek) beszűrődéssel, palisad állású histiocytákkal és multinucleáris óriás sejtekkel.…”